The first astronomical observatory in India was established in 1724 by Maharaja Jai Singh II in Jaipur, Rajasthan.

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, an Indian-American astrophysicist, is known for his work on the theory of white dwarf stars and the Chandrasekhar limit.

The Himalayan Chandra Telescope, located at Hanle in Ladakh, is the largest optical telescope in India.

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is the national space agency of India, responsible for the development and launch of satellites and space missions.

Aryabhata, named after the ancient Indian astronomer and mathematician, was the first Indian satellite to be launched into space in 1975.

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, an Indian-American astrophysicist, is known for his work on the theory of black holes and the Chandrasekhar limit.

The Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT), located near Pune, Maharashtra, is the largest radio telescope in India.

Mangalyaan, also known as the Mars Orbiter Mission, was India's first interplanetary mission, launched in 2013 to study the Martian atmosphere and surface.

Rakesh Sharma, an Indian Air Force pilot, became the first Indian astronaut to travel into space in 1984 aboard the Soviet spacecraft Soyuz T-11.

Aditya-L1, launched in 2023, is India's first space mission dedicated to studying the Sun's corona.

Gaganyaan is India's upcoming human spaceflight program, aiming to send humans into space by 2023.

M.N. Saha, an Indian astrophysicist, is known for his work on the theory of stellar evolution and the Saha equation.

Chandrayaan-2, launched in 2019, is India's second lunar mission, aimed at studying the lunar surface and searching for water ice.

C.V. Raman, an Indian physicist, is known for his work on the theory of cosmic rays and the Raman effect.