International economics focuses on the economic relationships and interactions between different countries, including trade, investment, and financial flows.

Comparative advantage theory, developed by David Ricardo, argues that countries should specialize in producing and exporting goods and services in which they have a comparative advantage, leading to increased efficiency and economic growth.

A trade surplus occurs when a country's exports of goods and services exceed its imports, resulting in a positive balance of trade.

Economic diplomacy aims to promote economic cooperation, integration, and mutually beneficial economic relationships between countries.

The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the primary international organization responsible for regulating global trade, setting rules, and facilitating negotiations among member countries.

Foreign direct investment (FDI) refers to the investment made by a company or individual in a foreign country, involving the establishment of a lasting interest in the enterprise.

Mercantilism is an economic theory that advocates for government intervention to protect domestic industries and promote exports while restricting imports.

The balance of payments is a record of all economic transactions between a country and the rest of the world, including trade, investment, and financial flows.

The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans and financial assistance to developing countries for various projects and programs.

A trade deficit occurs when a country's imports of goods and services exceed its exports, resulting in a negative balance of trade.

Interdependence theory argues that countries are economically interconnected and interdependent, and that cooperation and mutual benefits can lead to increased prosperity.

Migration refers to the movement of people across borders for various reasons, including work, education, family reunification, or seeking asylum.

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international organization that promotes international monetary cooperation, financial stability, and provides financial assistance to member countries.

The current account balance is the difference between a country's exports and imports of goods and services, as well as net income from abroad and net current transfers.

Keynesian economics emphasizes the role of government intervention in the economy through fiscal and monetary policies to stimulate aggregate demand and promote economic growth.