Actuators are responsible for converting electrical signals from the robot's controller into mechanical motion, enabling the robot to move and perform tasks.

Ultrasonic sensors emit high-frequency sound waves and measure the time it takes for the waves to bounce back from objects. This information is used to determine the distance between the robot and the objects, helping it to avoid collisions.

The controller is the brain of the robot. It receives sensory data from the environment, processes it, and makes decisions about how the robot should respond.

A revolute joint allows for rotation around a single axis, enabling the robot to move in a circular motion.

The end effector is the part of the robot that directly interacts with the physical world. It can be a gripper, a welding tool, a painting tool, or any other device that allows the robot to perform a specific task.

A gear train is a series of gears that mesh together to transmit motion and power. It can be used to reduce the speed and increase the torque of a motor, allowing the robot to perform tasks that require high force.

The power supply provides energy to the robot's components, such as the controller, actuators, and sensors. It can be a battery, a fuel cell, or any other energy source.

An Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) combines accelerometers, gyroscopes, and sometimes magnetometers to measure the robot's position, orientation, and acceleration.

A gripper is a mechanical device that allows the robot to grasp and manipulate objects. It can be a simple two-fingered gripper, a multi-fingered gripper, or a specialized gripper designed for a specific task.

A universal joint allows for movement in two perpendicular axes, enabling the robot to move in a more complex manner.

A feedback system monitors the robot's behavior and makes adjustments to ensure that it performs as desired. This can involve adjusting the robot's position, orientation, or velocity.

Infrared sensors emit infrared light and measure the amount of light that is reflected back from objects. This information is used to detect the presence of objects without physical contact.

Motors are responsible for converting electrical signals from the robot's controller into mechanical motion, enabling the robot to move and perform tasks.

A spherical joint allows for movement in all three axes, providing the robot with a wide range of motion.

A gearbox is a mechanical device that changes the speed and torque of a motor. It allows the robot to operate at different speeds and torques, depending on the task it is performing.