The primary goal of instructional design is to ensure that learners achieve specific learning outcomes, which may include knowledge, skills, attitudes, or behaviors.

The ADDIE model of instructional design consists of five key components: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation.

The purpose of the analysis phase in instructional design is to identify the needs of the learners, including their prior knowledge, skills, and attitudes, as well as their learning goals.

Memorization is not a common instructional strategy because it does not promote deep understanding or critical thinking.

Formative evaluation is conducted during the design and development phases to identify areas for improvement, while summative evaluation is conducted at the end of the instructional process to measure the overall effectiveness of the instruction. Formative evaluation is typically conducted by the instructor, while summative evaluation is typically conducted by an external evaluator.

Active learning, feedback, individualization, and authenticity are all key principles of effective instructional design.

Technology can be used to deliver instruction, provide access to learning resources, facilitate communication and collaboration, and assess student learning.

Games are not a common type of instructional media, although they can be used in some cases to support learning.

Considering the learning environment when designing instruction is important to ensure that the instruction is appropriate for the learners' physical and social context, to identify potential barriers to learning, and to create a supportive learning environment.

Norm-referenced assessment is not a common type of assessment in instructional design because it compares learners' performance to the performance of other learners, rather than to a specific standard.

Learning objectives serve to describe what learners will be able to do after completing the instruction, guide the design of instructional materials and activities, and assess student learning.

Bloom's Taxonomy is not a common type of instructional design model, although it is a widely used framework for classifying educational objectives.

Considering the learner's prior knowledge and skills when designing instruction is important to ensure that the instruction is appropriate for the learner's level of understanding, to identify areas where the learner needs additional support, and to build on the learner's existing knowledge and skills.

Self-assessment is not a common type of instructional feedback because it is not provided by an external source.

A syllabus serves to provide learners with an overview of the course, outline the course objectives and requirements, and schedule the course activities and assessments.