The sociology of political knowledge seeks to understand how individuals' political knowledge influences their political participation, such as voting, activism, and engagement with political issues.

Marxist theory argues that individuals' political knowledge and beliefs are shaped by their position in the class structure, with the ruling class controlling the means of production and thus having greater access to and control over political knowledge.

Political socialization is the process through which individuals learn about politics and develop their political beliefs and values. It occurs through various channels, such as family, school, media, and peer groups.

Agenda-setting theory argues that the media plays a significant role in shaping public opinion by determining which issues receive attention and how they are framed.

Political efficacy refers to the belief that individuals have the ability to influence political outcomes through their actions, such as voting, contacting elected officials, or participating in protests.

Social network theory argues that individuals' political knowledge and beliefs are influenced by their social networks, with individuals more likely to adopt the political views of those they are connected to.

Political ideology refers to a set of beliefs about the role of government, the relationship between the individual and the state, and the best way to organize society.

Emotional contagion theory argues that emotions can spread from one individual to another, influencing their political knowledge and beliefs.

Political trust refers to the belief that the government is trustworthy, reliable, and capable of fulfilling its responsibilities.

Prospect theory argues that individuals' political knowledge and beliefs are influenced by cognitive biases, such as the tendency to weigh losses more heavily than gains.

Political knowledge gap refers to the difference in political knowledge between different social groups, such as those of different socioeconomic status, education levels, or racial/ethnic backgrounds.

Elite theory argues that political knowledge and beliefs are shaped by a small group of elites who control the means of production and have a disproportionate influence on the political process.

Political polarization refers to the increasing division of the electorate into two opposing camps, with individuals becoming more entrenched in their own political views and less tolerant of opposing views.

Institutional theory argues that political knowledge and beliefs are shaped by the institutions that structure political life, such as the electoral system, the party system, and the media system.

Political apathy refers to the lack of interest in politics, often leading to low levels of political knowledge, participation, and trust.