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Pharmacology of Gastrointestinal Drugs

Description: This quiz evaluates your knowledge of the pharmacology of gastrointestinal drugs, including their mechanisms of action, therapeutic uses, and adverse effects.
Number of Questions: 15
Created by:
Tags: pharmacology gastrointestinal drugs digestive system
Attempted 0/15 Correct 0 Score 0

Which of the following drugs is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI)?

  1. Omeprazole

  2. Ranitidine

  3. Cimetidine

  4. Sucralfate


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Omeprazole is a PPI that works by inhibiting the H+/K+-ATPase pump in the gastric parietal cells, thereby reducing gastric acid secretion.

What is the primary mechanism of action of H2-receptor antagonists in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease?

  1. Inhibition of gastric acid secretion

  2. Neutralization of gastric acid

  3. Stimulation of mucus production

  4. Protection of the gastric mucosa


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

H2-receptor antagonists, such as ranitidine and cimetidine, work by competitively inhibiting histamine at H2-receptors in the gastric parietal cells, thereby reducing gastric acid secretion.

Which of the following drugs is an antacid?

  1. Sodium bicarbonate

  2. Magnesium hydroxide

  3. Aluminum hydroxide

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Antacids, such as sodium bicarbonate, magnesium hydroxide, and aluminum hydroxide, work by neutralizing gastric acid and raising the pH of the stomach contents.

What is the main therapeutic use of sucralfate?

  1. Treatment of peptic ulcer disease

  2. Prevention of stress ulcers

  3. Treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Sucralfate is used to treat peptic ulcer disease, prevent stress ulcers, and treat GERD by forming a protective barrier over the ulcer or eroded mucosa.

Which of the following drugs is a prokinetic agent?

  1. Metoclopramide

  2. Domperidone

  3. Erythromycin

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Prokinetic agents, such as metoclopramide, domperidone, and erythromycin, work by increasing the motility of the gastrointestinal tract.

What is the primary mechanism of action of antidiarrheal drugs?

  1. Inhibition of intestinal motility

  2. Absorption of water and electrolytes

  3. Killing of pathogenic bacteria

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Antidiarrheal drugs, such as loperamide and diphenoxylate, work by inhibiting intestinal motility, thereby reducing the frequency and volume of stools.

Which of the following drugs is a laxative?

  1. Bisacodyl

  2. Polyethylene glycol

  3. Lactulose

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Laxatives, such as bisacodyl, polyethylene glycol, and lactulose, work by increasing the frequency and volume of stools.

What is the primary mechanism of action of antiemetics?

  1. Blocking dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ)

  2. Blocking serotonin receptors in the CTZ

  3. Blocking histamine receptors in the CTZ

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Antiemetics, such as metoclopramide, ondansetron, and promethazine, work by blocking dopamine, serotonin, and histamine receptors in the CTZ, thereby reducing nausea and vomiting.

Which of the following drugs is a cholinergic agonist?

  1. Bethanechol

  2. Pilocarpine

  3. Carbachol

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Cholinergic agonists, such as bethanechol, pilocarpine, and carbachol, work by stimulating muscarinic cholinoreceptors, thereby increasing gastrointestinal motility and secretions.

What is the primary mechanism of action of anticholinergic drugs?

  1. Blocking muscarinic cholinoreceptors

  2. Blocking nicotinic cholinoreceptors

  3. Blocking both muscarinic and nicotinic cholinoreceptors

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Anticholinergic drugs, such as atropine, scopolamine, and glycopyrrolate, work by blocking muscarinic cholinoreceptors, thereby reducing gastrointestinal motility and secretions.

Which of the following drugs is a 5-HT4 receptor agonist?

  1. Prucalopride

  2. Tegaserod

  3. Mosapride

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

5-HT4 receptor agonists, such as prucalopride, tegaserod, and mosapride, work by stimulating 5-HT4 receptors in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby increasing gastrointestinal motility and secretion.

What is the primary mechanism of action of opioid analgesics in the treatment of diarrhea?

  1. Inhibition of intestinal motility

  2. Absorption of water and electrolytes

  3. Killing of pathogenic bacteria

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Opioid analgesics, such as morphine and codeine, work by inhibiting intestinal motility, thereby reducing the frequency and volume of stools.

Which of the following drugs is a bile acid sequestrant?

  1. Colestipol

  2. Cholestyramine

  3. Ezetimibe

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Bile acid sequestrants, such as colestipol, cholestyramine, and ezetimibe, work by binding to bile acids in the intestine, thereby preventing their reabsorption and increasing their excretion in the feces.

What is the primary mechanism of action of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia?

  1. Inhibition of cholesterol synthesis

  2. Increase in cholesterol excretion

  3. Increase in HDL cholesterol levels

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, such as simvastatin, atorvastatin, and rosuvastatin, work by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, a key enzyme in the cholesterol synthesis pathway, thereby reducing cholesterol synthesis.

Which of the following drugs is a fibrate?

  1. Gemfibrozil

  2. Fenofibrate

  3. Bezafibrate

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Fibrates, such as gemfibrozil, fenofibrate, and bezafibrate, work by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARĪ±), a nuclear receptor that regulates lipid metabolism, thereby increasing HDL cholesterol levels and reducing triglyceride levels.

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