Cognitive Dissonance Theory proposes that individuals experience psychological discomfort when holding conflicting beliefs or attitudes, and are motivated to reduce this discomfort by changing their beliefs or behaviors.

Motivated reasoning suggests that individuals are more likely to seek information that supports their existing beliefs and attitudes, rather than information that challenges them.

Confirmation bias describes the tendency for individuals to seek and interpret information in a way that confirms their existing beliefs, leading to a reinforcement of those beliefs.

Political Emotion Theory emphasizes the role of emotions in shaping political attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors, arguing that emotions can influence how individuals perceive political information, evaluate candidates, and make political decisions.

Contempt is often associated with feelings of superiority and disdain towards others, and is commonly observed in political contexts where individuals feel their opponents are inferior or unworthy.

Affective intelligence refers to the ability to understand and manage one's own emotions and those of others. Individuals with high affective intelligence are better able to regulate their emotions and respond to political information and events in a more balanced and rational manner.

Social Identity Theory suggests that individuals derive a sense of identity and belonging from their social groups, and are motivated to maintain a positive self-image by aligning their beliefs and attitudes with those of their group.

Power Motivation Theory proposes that individuals are driven by a desire for power and influence, and that this motivation can shape their political behavior and attitudes.

Partisan bias describes the tendency for individuals to interpret political information in a way that aligns with the views of their political party or group, often leading to a distorted perception of reality.

Rational Choice Theory assumes that individuals are rational actors who make political decisions based on their own self-interest and expected benefits.

Joy is often associated with positive political experiences, such as feeling excited about a political candidate or cause, or feeling hopeful about the future of one's country.

Groupthink describes the phenomenon where individuals in a group suppress their own doubts or objections in order to maintain harmony and consensus within the group.

Symbolic Politics Theory proposes that individuals engage in political behavior not only to achieve material benefits, but also to express their values, identities, and sense of belonging.

Fear is often associated with negative political experiences, such as feeling anxious about the future of one's country or feeling threatened by political opponents.

Selective perception describes the tendency for individuals to selectively attend to information that is consistent with their existing beliefs and values, while ignoring or downplaying information that contradicts those beliefs.