The development of standardized testing was a major factor that contributed to the rise of higher education research and scholarship in the 20th century, not the 19th century.

Wilhelm von Humboldt is considered to be the father of modern higher education research because of his emphasis on the importance of research and scholarship in the university setting.

The Morrill Act of 1862 was a landmark piece of legislation that established land-grant universities in the United States.

The decline of the liberal arts is not a major trend in the history of higher education research and scholarship.

The global competition for talent is a major challenge facing higher education research and scholarship today.