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Thermodynamic Quantities

Description: This quiz is designed to test your understanding of thermodynamic quantities, which are physical properties that describe the state of a system. These quantities include temperature, pressure, volume, internal energy, enthalpy, entropy, and free energy.
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: thermodynamics thermodynamic quantities temperature pressure volume internal energy enthalpy entropy free energy
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Which of the following is NOT a thermodynamic quantity?

  1. Temperature

  2. Mass

  3. Pressure

  4. Volume

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Mass is not a thermodynamic quantity because it is not a property that describes the state of a system. Temperature, pressure, volume, and internal energy are all thermodynamic quantities because they describe the state of a system.

The SI unit of temperature is the:

  1. Kelvin

  2. Celsius

  3. Fahrenheit

  4. Rankine

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The SI unit of temperature is the Kelvin, which is defined as 1/273.16 of the thermodynamic temperature of the triple point of water.

The pressure exerted by a gas is:

  1. Force per unit area

  2. Force per unit volume

  3. Energy per unit area

  4. Energy per unit volume

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Pressure is defined as force per unit area. It is the force exerted by a gas on the walls of its container.

The volume of a gas is:

  1. Amount of space occupied by a gas

  2. Mass of a gas

  3. Temperature of a gas

  4. Pressure of a gas

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Volume is defined as the amount of space occupied by a gas. It is measured in cubic meters (m^3).

Internal energy is:

  1. Total energy of a system

  2. Kinetic energy of a system

  3. Potential energy of a system

  4. Heat energy of a system

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Internal energy is defined as the total energy of a system. It includes the kinetic energy of the molecules in the system, the potential energy of the molecules in the system, and the heat energy of the system.

Enthalpy is:

  1. Internal energy of a system plus the product of pressure and volume

  2. Internal energy of a system minus the product of pressure and volume

  3. Internal energy of a system divided by the product of pressure and volume

  4. Internal energy of a system multiplied by the product of pressure and volume

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Enthalpy is defined as the internal energy of a system plus the product of pressure and volume. It is a measure of the total energy of a system.

Entropy is:

  1. Measure of the disorder of a system

  2. Measure of the order of a system

  3. Measure of the energy of a system

  4. Measure of the temperature of a system

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Entropy is defined as a measure of the disorder of a system. It is a measure of the number of possible arrangements of the molecules in a system.

Free energy is:

  1. Enthalpy of a system minus the product of temperature and entropy

  2. Enthalpy of a system plus the product of temperature and entropy

  3. Enthalpy of a system divided by the product of temperature and entropy

  4. Enthalpy of a system multiplied by the product of temperature and entropy

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Free energy is defined as the enthalpy of a system minus the product of temperature and entropy. It is a measure of the energy available to do work.

The first law of thermodynamics states that:

  1. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed

  2. Energy can be created or destroyed, but only transferred or transformed

  3. Energy can be created or destroyed, and transferred or transformed

  4. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, and transferred or transformed

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The first law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed. This means that the total amount of energy in the universe is constant.

The second law of thermodynamics states that:

  1. The entropy of an isolated system always increases

  2. The entropy of an isolated system always decreases

  3. The entropy of an isolated system always stays the same

  4. The entropy of an isolated system can increase, decrease, or stay the same

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of an isolated system always increases. This means that the disorder of an isolated system always increases.

The third law of thermodynamics states that:

  1. The entropy of a perfect crystal at absolute zero is zero

  2. The entropy of a perfect crystal at absolute zero is not zero

  3. The entropy of a perfect crystal at absolute zero is undefined

  4. The entropy of a perfect crystal at absolute zero is infinite

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The third law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a perfect crystal at absolute zero is zero. This means that there is no disorder in a perfect crystal at absolute zero.

Which of the following is an extensive thermodynamic quantity?

  1. Temperature

  2. Pressure

  3. Volume

  4. Internal Energy

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

An extensive thermodynamic quantity is a quantity that depends on the amount of matter in a system. Volume is an extensive thermodynamic quantity because it depends on the amount of matter in a system.

Which of the following is an intensive thermodynamic quantity?

  1. Temperature

  2. Pressure

  3. Volume

  4. Internal Energy

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

An intensive thermodynamic quantity is a quantity that does not depend on the amount of matter in a system. Temperature is an intensive thermodynamic quantity because it does not depend on the amount of matter in a system.

The specific heat capacity of a substance is:

  1. Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius

  2. Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 mole of a substance by 1 degree Celsius

  3. Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius

  4. Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 liter of a substance by 1 degree Celsius

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The specific heat capacity of a substance is defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius.

The latent heat of fusion of a substance is:

  1. Amount of heat required to melt 1 gram of a substance

  2. Amount of heat required to vaporize 1 gram of a substance

  3. Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius

  4. Amount of heat required to lower the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The latent heat of fusion of a substance is defined as the amount of heat required to melt 1 gram of a substance.

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