The UNDRIP was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 2007 and sets out a comprehensive framework of rights for indigenous peoples, including the right to self-determination, the right to free, prior and informed consent, and the right to participate in decision-making processes that affect their lives.

FPIC is a fundamental principle in international law that requires states to obtain the free, prior and informed consent of indigenous peoples before undertaking any development projects that may affect their lands, territories, and resources. This principle is based on the recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples to self-determination and to control their own development.

Indigenous knowledge and traditional practices are valuable sources of information and insights that can contribute to sustainable development. They can inform the design and implementation of development projects that are culturally appropriate and respectful of indigenous rights, and they can also provide insights into local ecosystems and biodiversity. Indigenous knowledge and traditional practices can also contribute to the conservation and sustainable use of natural resources.

Indigenous peoples face a number of challenges in asserting their rights in the context of development projects. These challenges include discrimination and racism, lack of legal recognition of indigenous rights, lack of access to information and resources, and the power imbalances between indigenous peoples and governments and corporations.

There are a number of best practices that can be followed to ensure that development projects respect indigenous peoples' rights. These include consulting with indigenous peoples early and throughout the project cycle, obtaining their free, prior and informed consent, and sharing the benefits of development projects with indigenous peoples.