The Yajurveda contains the earliest known mathematical concepts in India, such as the concept of zero and the use of decimal notation.

Aryabhata was an ancient Indian mathematician and astronomer who lived in the 5th century CE. He is considered to be the father of Indian mathematics because of his contributions to the field, including the development of the decimal system and the use of zero.

The Charaka Samhita is an ancient Indian medical text that is considered to be the foundation of Indian medicine. It was written by Charaka, a physician who lived in the 2nd century BCE. The text covers a wide range of medical topics, including anatomy, physiology, pathology, and treatment.

Charaka is considered to be the father of Indian medicine because of his contributions to the field, including the development of the concept of tridosha (the three humors) and the use of herbal remedies.

The Nyaya school of Indian philosophy is known for its emphasis on the importance of mathematics and medicine. The Nyaya philosophers believed that mathematics and medicine were essential for understanding the world and for achieving liberation from suffering.

Kanada is known for his theory of atomism, which states that all matter is composed of tiny, indivisible particles called atoms. Kanada's theory of atomism was a major contribution to Indian philosophy and science.

The Sushruta Samhita is an ancient Indian medical text that is known for its emphasis on surgery. The text covers a wide range of surgical procedures, including amputations, cataract surgery, and plastic surgery.

Gotama is known for his theory of karma, which states that the actions of an individual in this life will determine their fate in the next life. Gotama's theory of karma is a fundamental concept in Indian philosophy and religion.

The Ashtanga Hridaya is an ancient Indian medical text that is known for its emphasis on pediatrics. The text covers a wide range of pediatric topics, including diseases, treatments, and nutrition.

Patanjali is known for his theory of yoga, which is a system of physical, mental, and spiritual practices that is designed to lead to liberation from suffering. Patanjali's theory of yoga is a major contribution to Indian philosophy and religion.

The Bhela Samhita is an ancient Indian medical text that is known for its emphasis on toxicology. The text covers a wide range of topics related to toxicology, including the identification of poisonous plants and animals, the treatment of poisoning, and the use of antidotes.

Kapila is known for his theory of reincarnation, which states that the soul is immortal and that it is reborn after death into a new body. Kapila's theory of reincarnation is a fundamental concept in Indian philosophy and religion.

The Sushruta Samhita is an ancient Indian medical text that is known for its emphasis on ophthalmology. The text covers a wide range of ophthalmological topics, including diseases, treatments, and surgical procedures.

Gotama is known for his theory of the four noble truths, which states that life is suffering, that suffering is caused by desire, that suffering can be ended by eliminating desire, and that the path to ending suffering is the eightfold path. Gotama's theory of the four noble truths is a fundamental concept in Buddhism.