Exports of goods are a component of the current account of the Balance of Payments because they represent the value of goods that are sold by a country to other countries.

Foreign direct investment is a component of the capital and financial account of the Balance of Payments because it represents the investment made by a foreign company in a domestic company.

The current account records transactions involving goods and services, while the capital and financial account records transactions involving assets. This means that the current account includes transactions such as exports and imports of goods, as well as payments for services such as tourism and transportation. The capital and financial account includes transactions such as foreign direct investment, portfolio investment, and official reserves.

The current account and the capital and financial account can be in deficit or surplus independently of each other. This means that it is possible for a country to have a current account deficit and a capital and financial account surplus, or vice versa. This can happen when there is a large inflow of foreign investment, which can offset a current account deficit.

The Balance of Payments provides information on a country's economic health and competitiveness. This is because it shows the country's overall economic performance, including its trade performance, investment performance, and foreign exchange reserves. This information can be used to identify potential economic problems and to develop policies to address them.