Romanesque architecture was the dominant style in Europe during the 11th and 12th centuries, characterized by rounded arches, thick walls, and vaulted ceilings.

Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, France, is considered the most iconic example of Gothic architecture, renowned for its flying buttresses, intricate stained glass windows, and soaring spires.

Theophilus Presbyter was a medieval artist and writer known for his treatise on various artistic techniques, including manuscript illumination. He is believed to be the author of the Book of Kells, an illuminated manuscript gospel book.

Byzantine mosaics primarily depict Biblical scenes and religious figures, often used to decorate churches and other religious buildings.

Stained glass is a medieval art technique that involves the use of small pieces of colored glass to create images, often used in windows of churches and cathedrals.

Fresco is a medieval art technique that involves painting on wet plaster, allowing the pigments to penetrate the plaster and become a permanent part of the wall.

Jan van Eyck was a Flemish painter known for his realistic and naturalistic paintings, including the Ghent Altarpiece, which is considered a masterpiece of early Netherlandish painting.

Tempera is a medieval art technique that involves the use of egg yolk as a binder for pigments, resulting in a durable and long-lasting paint.

Hieronymus Bosch was a Dutch painter known for his fantastical and surreal paintings, including The Garden of Earthly Delights, which is filled with symbolic imagery and allegorical meanings.

Oil painting is a medieval art technique that involves the use of oil as a binder for pigments, allowing for greater blending and smoother transitions in color.

Giotto di Bondone was an Italian painter known for his innovative use of perspective and realistic depiction of human anatomy, marking a significant shift in medieval art towards naturalism.

Watercolor is a medieval art technique that involves the use of water as a binder for pigments, resulting in transparent and luminous colors.

Giotto di Bondone was an Italian painter known for his expressive and emotional paintings, including The Deposition, which captures the grief and sorrow of the mourners at the foot of the cross.

Stained glass is a medieval art technique that involves the use of molten glass to create colorful windows, often used in churches and cathedrals.

Theophilus Presbyter was a medieval artist known for his intricate and detailed metalwork, including the Gero Cross, which is a masterpiece of Ottonian art.