Vanadium pentoxide is a widely used catalyst in the production of sulfuric acid through the contact process.

Catalysts work by providing an alternative pathway for the reaction with a lower activation energy, thereby increasing the rate of the reaction.

Alumina is a widely used support for catalysts due to its high surface area, thermal stability, and chemical inertness.

Poisoning refers to the process by which a catalyst is deactivated due to the adsorption of impurities or reactants on its surface.

Ziegler-Natta catalysts are widely used in the production of polyethylene due to their high activity and selectivity.

Zeolite's unique pore structure allows it to selectively adsorb and react with molecules of specific sizes and shapes, providing shape selectivity for the catalytic process.

Nickel is a widely used catalyst in the production of ammonia through the Haber process.

Reactivation refers to the process of restoring the activity of a deactivated catalyst by removing the impurities or reactants that caused the deactivation.

Copper-zinc oxide is a widely used catalyst in the production of methanol through the methanol synthesis process.

The primary function of a support in a heterogeneous catalytic process is to increase the surface area of the catalyst, thereby providing more active sites for the reaction.

Palladium is a widely used catalyst in the production of hydrogen peroxide through the anthraquinone process.

Purification refers to the process of removing impurities from a catalyst to restore its activity and performance.

Silver is a widely used catalyst in the production of ethylene oxide through the direct oxidation of ethylene.

The primary function of a promoter in a heterogeneous catalytic process is to enhance the activity and selectivity of the catalyst by modifying its electronic or structural properties.