Positivism is a philosophical school of thought that emphasizes the importance of logical reasoning and empirical evidence in understanding the world. It is often associated with the engineering discipline, where logical reasoning and empirical evidence are essential for designing and constructing safe and efficient structures and systems.

Engineering ethics primarily focuses on ensuring the safety and reliability of engineered products and systems. Engineers have a responsibility to design and construct structures and systems that are safe for the public and the environment.

Ontology is a branch of philosophy that explores the nature of reality and existence. In engineering, ontology addresses questions about the nature of engineered artifacts, the relationship between technology and society, and the impact of technology on the environment.

Values and beliefs can influence engineering decisions, as engineers often need to consider factors such as sustainability, social impact, and economic feasibility when designing and constructing structures and systems.

Utilitarianism is a philosophical approach that emphasizes the importance of practical outcomes and consequences in decision-making. In engineering, utilitarianism can be used to evaluate the ethical implications of different design choices and to prioritize projects that maximize overall benefit.

Engineering epistemology is concerned with the nature of knowledge in engineering, including how engineering knowledge is acquired, validated, and applied. It explores questions about the reliability and objectivity of engineering knowledge and the role of uncertainty and risk in engineering practice.

Technological humanism is a philosophical concept that emphasizes the importance of human values and ethical considerations in the development and use of technology. It argues that technology should be designed and used in a way that promotes human well-being and social progress.

Engineering axiology is concerned with the values and norms that guide engineering practice. It explores questions about the ethical responsibilities of engineers, the social and environmental impacts of engineering projects, and the role of engineering in promoting human well-being.

Libertarianism is a philosophical approach that emphasizes the importance of individual autonomy and freedom. In engineering, libertarianism can be used to argue for the freedom of engineers to design and construct structures and systems without excessive government regulation.

Engineering metaphysics is concerned with the fundamental nature of reality and existence in engineering. It explores questions about the nature of engineered artifacts, the relationship between technology and the natural world, and the impact of technology on human understanding of reality.

Technological autonomy is a philosophical concept that suggests that technology is autonomous and independent from human control. It argues that technology has its own momentum and direction and that it can shape society and human behavior in unintended ways.

Engineering ethics education primarily focuses on developing engineers' understanding of the ethical implications of their work. It aims to equip engineers with the knowledge and skills to make ethical decisions and to navigate the ethical challenges that they may encounter in their professional practice.

Egalitarianism is a philosophical approach that emphasizes the importance of social justice and equality. In engineering, egalitarianism can be used to argue for the equitable distribution of the benefits and burdens of engineering projects and to promote equal access to engineering education and opportunities.

Engineering ontology is concerned with the nature of engineered artifacts and systems. It explores questions about the identity, properties, and relationships of engineered objects, as well as the relationship between engineered artifacts and the natural world.