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Biophysics of Cardiovascular Diseases

Description: This quiz covers the biophysics of cardiovascular diseases, including the electrical and mechanical properties of the heart, the role of blood flow in cardiovascular health, and the biophysical mechanisms underlying common cardiovascular diseases.
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: biophysics cardiovascular diseases electrical properties mechanical properties blood flow common cardiovascular diseases
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Which of the following is NOT a component of the cardiac conduction system?

  1. Sinoatrial node (SA node)

  2. Atrioventricular node (AV node)

  3. Bundle of His

  4. Purkinje fibers


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Purkinje fibers are not part of the cardiac conduction system. They are specialized muscle fibers that conduct electrical impulses from the bundle of His to the ventricular myocardium.

What is the term for the electrical signal that triggers the contraction of the heart?

  1. Action potential

  2. Depolarization

  3. Repolarization

  4. Hyperpolarization


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

An action potential is a rapid change in the electrical potential across a cell membrane, causing the cell to depolarize and then repolarize.

Which of the following is NOT a mechanical property of the heart?

  1. Contractility

  2. Extensibility

  3. Conductivity

  4. Refractoriness


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Conductivity is not a mechanical property of the heart. It is an electrical property that refers to the ability of the heart to conduct electrical impulses.

What is the term for the force generated by the contraction of the heart?

  1. Stroke volume

  2. Cardiac output

  3. Ejection fraction

  4. Myocardial contractility


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Myocardial contractility is the force generated by the contraction of the heart muscle.

Which of the following is NOT a type of blood vessel?

  1. Artery

  2. Vein

  3. Capillary

  4. Lymphatic vessel


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Lymphatic vessels are not blood vessels. They are part of the lymphatic system, which is a network of vessels that collects and returns fluid from tissues back to the bloodstream.

What is the term for the pressure exerted by blood on the walls of blood vessels?

  1. Blood pressure

  2. Pulse pressure

  3. Mean arterial pressure

  4. Diastolic blood pressure


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Blood pressure is the pressure exerted by blood on the walls of blood vessels.

Which of the following is NOT a common cardiovascular disease?

  1. Coronary artery disease

  2. Heart attack

  3. Stroke

  4. Cancer


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Cancer is not a cardiovascular disease. It is a disease in which abnormal cells divide uncontrollably and can invade other tissues.

What is the term for the narrowing of the arteries that supply blood to the heart?

  1. Coronary artery disease

  2. Atherosclerosis

  3. Angina pectoris

  4. Myocardial infarction


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Coronary artery disease is the narrowing of the arteries that supply blood to the heart.

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

  1. High blood pressure

  2. High cholesterol

  3. Diabetes

  4. Regular exercise


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Regular exercise is not a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. It is a protective factor that can help to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

What is the term for the death of heart muscle tissue due to a lack of blood flow?

  1. Myocardial infarction

  2. Heart attack

  3. Stroke

  4. Angina pectoris


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Myocardial infarction is the death of heart muscle tissue due to a lack of blood flow.

Which of the following is NOT a treatment for cardiovascular disease?

  1. Medications

  2. Surgery

  3. Lifestyle changes

  4. Radiation therapy


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Radiation therapy is not a treatment for cardiovascular disease. It is a treatment for cancer.

What is the term for the procedure in which a stent is placed in an artery to keep it open?

  1. Angioplasty

  2. Stenting

  3. Bypass surgery

  4. Valve replacement surgery


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Stenting is the procedure in which a stent is placed in an artery to keep it open.

Which of the following is NOT a type of heart valve?

  1. Mitral valve

  2. Aortic valve

  3. Pulmonary valve

  4. Tricuspid valve


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The pulmonary valve is not a heart valve. It is a valve in the pulmonary artery that prevents blood from flowing back into the right ventricle.

What is the term for the condition in which the heart valves do not close properly?

  1. Valve regurgitation

  2. Valve stenosis

  3. Valve prolapse

  4. Valve replacement


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Valve regurgitation is the condition in which the heart valves do not close properly, allowing blood to leak back into the heart.

Which of the following is NOT a type of congenital heart defect?

  1. Atrial septal defect

  2. Ventricular septal defect

  3. Tetralogy of Fallot

  4. Down syndrome


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Down syndrome is not a type of congenital heart defect. It is a genetic disorder that can cause a variety of health problems, including heart defects.

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