J.C. Bhattacharya was an Indian astronomer who made significant contributions to the study of solar flares. He was the first to suggest that solar flares are caused by the release of magnetic energy in the Sun's atmosphere.

Indian astronomers use a variety of instruments to observe solar flares, including optical telescopes, radio telescopes, and X-ray telescopes. Each type of instrument provides different information about the flares, allowing scientists to gain a more complete understanding of these phenomena.

The Kodaikanal Solar Observatory is a solar observatory located in Kodaikanal, Tamil Nadu, India. It is dedicated to the study of the Sun and has been in operation since 1900.

The Aditya-L1 is an Indian satellite that was launched in 2023 to study solar flares and other solar phenomena. It is the first Indian satellite dedicated to solar studies.

J.C. Bhattacharya proposed the 'Bhattacharya Model' for the formation of solar flares. This model suggests that solar flares are caused by the sudden release of magnetic energy stored in the Sun's atmosphere.

Solar flares typically last for a few minutes, although some may last for up to an hour or more.

X-class flares are the most powerful type of solar flare. They can cause disruptions to radio communications and power grids, and can even pose a hazard to astronauts in space.

Solar flares and sunspots are both caused by the interaction of magnetic fields in the Sun's atmosphere. Sunspots are regions where the magnetic field is particularly strong, and solar flares can occur when these magnetic fields become unstable.

Solar flares can affect Earth in a number of ways, including causing geomagnetic storms, disrupting radio communications, and causing power outages. Geomagnetic storms can disrupt satellite communications and power grids, while radio communications can be disrupted by the intense radiation emitted by solar flares.

The impact of solar flares on Earth's climate is still being studied. Some scientists believe that solar flares may contribute to global warming, while others believe that they may actually cause global cooling. More research is needed to determine the exact impact of solar flares on Earth's climate.

J.C. Bhattacharya developed the 'Flare Index' for classifying solar flares. This index is based on the intensity of the flare and its duration.

The Aditya-L1 is an Indian satellite that was launched in 2023 to study the Sun's corona. The corona is the outermost layer of the Sun's atmosphere and is the source of solar flares.

There is no evidence that any Indian astronomer made significant contributions to the study of solar flares during the 19th century.

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is the space agency of India and is responsible for the Aditya-L1 mission.

The Kodaikanal Solar Observatory is located in the city of Kodaikanal in the state of Tamil Nadu, India.