William James introduced the concept of 'specious present' in his book 'The Principles of Psychology' (1890). He argued that our conscious experience of time is not a succession of discrete moments, but rather a continuous flow of events.

Panpsychism is the theory that consciousness is a fundamental aspect of reality and that it is not dependent on the brain. It posits that consciousness is present in all things, from the smallest particles to the largest organisms.

J.M.E. McTaggart argued in his book 'The Nature of Existence' (1927) that time is not a fundamental aspect of reality and that it is merely a way of organizing our thoughts and experiences. He distinguished between two types of time: A-series time, which is the linear succession of events, and B-series time, which is the ordering of events in terms of their causal relationships.

Materialism is the theory that consciousness is an emergent property of the brain and that it is entirely dependent on the physical processes that occur in the brain. It posits that consciousness is a product of the complex interactions between neurons and other brain cells.

Immanuel Kant argued in his 'Critique of Pure Reason' (1781) that time is a fundamental aspect of reality and that it is the condition of possibility for all experience. He posited that time is a transcendental condition of human consciousness, meaning that it is a necessary condition for us to experience the world in the way that we do.

Dualism is the theory that consciousness is a fundamental aspect of reality and that it is not dependent on the brain, but rather that it is a separate and distinct substance. It posits that there are two fundamental substances in the universe: matter and mind.

Martin Heidegger argued in his book 'Being and Time' (1927) that time is not a fundamental aspect of reality and that it is merely a way of organizing our thoughts and experiences. He posited that time is a way of being-in-the-world, and that it is not something that exists independently of human consciousness.

Idealism is the theory that consciousness is the only fundamental aspect of reality and that everything else, including the physical world, is merely an illusion. It posits that the mind is the only thing that truly exists and that the physical world is a product of our consciousness.

Ludwig Wittgenstein argued in his 'Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus' (1921) that time is a fundamental aspect of reality and that it is the condition of possibility for all experience. He posited that time is a necessary condition for the existence of objects and events, and that it is the framework within which all events occur.

Dualism is the theory that consciousness is a fundamental aspect of reality and that it is not dependent on the brain, but rather that it is a separate and distinct substance. It posits that there are two fundamental substances in the universe: matter and mind.

J.M.E. McTaggart argued in his book 'The Nature of Existence' (1927) that time is not a fundamental aspect of reality and that it is merely a way of organizing our thoughts and experiences. He distinguished between two types of time: A-series time, which is the linear succession of events, and B-series time, which is the ordering of events in terms of their causal relationships.

Materialism is the theory that consciousness is an emergent property of the brain and that it is entirely dependent on the physical processes that occur in the brain. It posits that consciousness is a product of the complex interactions between neurons and other brain cells.

Immanuel Kant argued in his 'Critique of Pure Reason' (1781) that time is a fundamental aspect of reality and that it is the condition of possibility for all experience. He posited that time is a transcendental condition of human consciousness, meaning that it is a necessary condition for us to experience the world in the way that we do.

Dualism is the theory that consciousness is a fundamental aspect of reality and that it is not dependent on the brain, but rather that it is a separate and distinct substance. It posits that there are two fundamental substances in the universe: matter and mind.

Martin Heidegger argued in his book 'Being and Time' (1927) that time is not a fundamental aspect of reality and that it is merely a way of organizing our thoughts and experiences. He posited that time is a way of being-in-the-world, and that it is not something that exists independently of human consciousness.