Environmental racism refers to the systemic discrimination that results in the concentration of environmental hazards and pollution in communities of color and low-income areas.

Sustainable development aims to balance economic progress with environmental conservation and social equity, ensuring that future generations can also thrive.

Marxist theory argues that capitalism's emphasis on profit maximization and resource extraction inevitably leads to environmental destruction.

Natural capital encompasses the stock of natural resources and ecosystems that provide valuable services to human society, such as clean air, water, and biodiversity.

Environmental conflict refers to disputes and tensions that arise due to the unequal distribution of environmental resources or the negative impacts of environmental degradation on communities.

Participatory environmental governance emphasizes the involvement of local communities and stakeholders in environmental decision-making processes, recognizing their expertise and rights.

Ecological restoration aims to repair damaged ecosystems and restore their ecological functions, often involving the reintroduction of native species and habitat reconstruction.

Intergenerational equity emphasizes the responsibility of the present generation to ensure that future generations have access to a healthy and sustainable environment.

A circular economy aims to minimize waste and maximize resource utilization by designing products and systems that can be reused, repaired, and recycled.

Ecosystem services encompass the various benefits that humans derive from natural ecosystems, such as clean air and water, pollination, and climate regulation.

Environmental impact assessment involves evaluating the potential environmental consequences of a proposed project or policy before it is implemented.

Net zero emissions refer to achieving a balance between greenhouse gas emissions and removals, often through a combination of emission reductions and carbon sequestration.

Environmental displacement refers to the forced or involuntary movement of people due to environmental factors, such as natural disasters, climate change, or environmental degradation.

The triple bottom line approach considers the social, environmental, and economic impacts of business activities, aiming to achieve a balance between profit, people, and planet.

Environmental justice recognizes the intersectionality of environmental and social issues, advocating for fair and equitable distribution of environmental benefits and burdens.