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Ecological Impacts of Dams and Irrigation Projects

Description: Ecological Impacts of Dams and Irrigation Projects
Number of Questions: 15
Created by:
Tags: environmental impact dams irrigation ecology
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What is the primary ecological impact of dams on riverine ecosystems?

  1. Increased water flow

  2. Reduced sediment transport

  3. Enhanced biodiversity

  4. Improved water quality

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Dams disrupt the natural flow of sediment downstream, leading to erosion and habitat degradation.

How do irrigation projects affect the local water table?

  1. They raise the water table.

  2. They lower the water table.

  3. They have no effect on the water table.

  4. The effect depends on the specific project.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Irrigation projects often involve the diversion of water from rivers or aquifers, which can lead to a rise in the water table.

What is the ecological impact of increased waterlogging in irrigated areas?

  1. Increased soil fertility

  2. Enhanced plant growth

  3. Salinization of the soil

  4. Improved drainage

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Increased waterlogging can lead to the accumulation of salts in the soil, making it less productive.

How do dams affect the downstream flow of water?

  1. They increase the flow of water.

  2. They decrease the flow of water.

  3. They have no effect on the flow of water.

  4. The effect depends on the specific dam.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Dams store water, which reduces the amount of water flowing downstream.

What is the ecological impact of reduced downstream water flow?

  1. Increased biodiversity

  2. Improved water quality

  3. Enhanced fish populations

  4. Habitat degradation

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Reduced downstream water flow can lead to the loss of aquatic habitat and the decline of fish populations.

How do dams affect the migration of fish?

  1. They facilitate fish migration.

  2. They hinder fish migration.

  3. They have no effect on fish migration.

  4. The effect depends on the specific dam.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Dams can block the migration of fish, preventing them from reaching their spawning grounds.

What is the ecological impact of fish migration barriers?

  1. Increased genetic diversity

  2. Enhanced fish populations

  3. Improved water quality

  4. Population fragmentation

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Fish migration barriers can lead to the fragmentation of fish populations, reducing genetic diversity and increasing the risk of extinction.

How do irrigation projects affect the surrounding vegetation?

  1. They increase vegetation cover.

  2. They decrease vegetation cover.

  3. They have no effect on vegetation cover.

  4. The effect depends on the specific project.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Irrigation projects can lead to the expansion of vegetation cover in arid and semi-arid regions.

What is the ecological impact of increased vegetation cover in arid and semi-arid regions?

  1. Reduced soil erosion

  2. Improved water quality

  3. Enhanced biodiversity

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Increased vegetation cover in arid and semi-arid regions can reduce soil erosion, improve water quality, and enhance biodiversity.

How do dams affect the downstream temperature of water?

  1. They increase the temperature of water.

  2. They decrease the temperature of water.

  3. They have no effect on the temperature of water.

  4. The effect depends on the specific dam.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Dams can release cold water from the bottom of the reservoir, which can lower the temperature of the downstream water.

What is the ecological impact of decreased downstream water temperature?

  1. Increased fish populations

  2. Enhanced biodiversity

  3. Improved water quality

  4. Habitat degradation

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Decreased downstream water temperature can lead to habitat degradation and the decline of aquatic organisms.

How do dams affect the downstream sediment load?

  1. They increase the sediment load.

  2. They decrease the sediment load.

  3. They have no effect on the sediment load.

  4. The effect depends on the specific dam.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Dams trap sediment, reducing the amount of sediment transported downstream.

What is the ecological impact of reduced downstream sediment load?

  1. Increased erosion

  2. Habitat degradation

  3. Loss of biodiversity

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Reduced downstream sediment load can lead to increased erosion, habitat degradation, and the loss of biodiversity.

How do irrigation projects affect the surrounding soil?

  1. They improve soil fertility.

  2. They degrade soil quality.

  3. They have no effect on soil quality.

  4. The effect depends on the specific project.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Irrigation projects can lead to soil salinization and waterlogging, which can degrade soil quality.

What is the ecological impact of soil degradation in irrigated areas?

  1. Reduced crop yields

  2. Loss of biodiversity

  3. Increased erosion

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Soil degradation in irrigated areas can lead to reduced crop yields, loss of biodiversity, and increased erosion.

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