Social mobility is the process by which people move from one social class to another.

Transportation can contribute to social mobility by providing access to jobs and education, reducing travel time and costs, and increasing social interaction and networking opportunities.

Investing in public transportation is an example of a transportation policy that can promote social mobility because it provides affordable and accessible transportation options for people who may not have access to a car.

Transportation can contribute to social inequality by creating physical barriers between different social groups, limiting access to jobs and education, and increasing social isolation and segregation.

Building toll roads, privatizing public transportation, and cutting funding for public transportation are all examples of transportation policies that can contribute to social inequality because they make transportation less affordable and accessible for people who may not have access to a car.

Transportation apartheid is the term used to describe the process by which transportation systems are shaped by and reinforce social inequalities.

Building highways through predominantly Black and brown neighborhoods, siting polluting industries near low-income communities, and denying access to public transportation in certain areas are all examples of transportation apartheid.

Investing in public transportation, building affordable housing near transit hubs, and creating car-free zones are all ways that transportation can be used to promote social justice.

Urbanization is the term used to describe the movement of people from rural areas to urban areas.

Urbanization can contribute to social mobility by providing access to jobs and education, reducing poverty and inequality, and increasing social interaction and networking opportunities.

Investing in infrastructure and public services in rural areas, providing financial incentives for businesses to locate in urban areas, and creating special economic zones in urban areas are all examples of policies that can promote urbanization.

Urbanization can contribute to social inequality by creating physical barriers between different social groups, limiting access to jobs and education, and increasing social isolation and segregation.

Building highways and freeways, sprawling development, and gentrification are all examples of policies that can contribute to urbanization.

Multiculturalism is the term used to describe the process by which cities become more diverse.

Multiculturalism can contribute to social mobility by providing access to jobs and education, reducing poverty and inequality, and increasing social interaction and networking opportunities.