Dialect refers to the regional variety of a language that has its own distinctive features of pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary.

African American Vernacular English (AAVE) is a social dialect spoken by African Americans in the United States. It has its own unique features of pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary.

Standard English is the variety of a language that is considered to be correct and appropriate for use in formal settings.

Middle English is a historical dialect of English that was spoken in England from the 11th to the 15th centuries.

Language change refers to the process by which a language's sounds, grammar, and vocabulary change over time.

The Great Vowel Shift was a major sound change that occurred in the history of English from the 15th to the 17th centuries. It resulted in the تغییر in pronunciation of many vowels.

Language shift refers to the process by which a language is replaced by another language as the primary language of a speech community.

Latin has undergone language shift in many parts of the world, as it has been replaced by other languages as the primary language of speech communities.

Language death refers to the process by which a language ceases to be spoken by any members of a speech community.

Wampanoag is a Native American language that has undergone language death. It was once spoken by the Wampanoag people of New England, but it is no longer spoken by any members of the tribe.

Sociolinguistics is the study of the relationship between language and society. It examines how language varies across different social groups and how it is used in different social contexts.

Language variation and dialects is a major area of research in sociolinguistics. Sociolinguists study how language varies across different social groups and how it is used in different social contexts.

Historical linguistics is the study of historical change in language. It examines how languages have changed over time and how they are related to each other.

Language change is a major area of research in historical linguistics. Historical linguists study how languages have changed over time and how they are related to each other.

Psycholinguistics is the study of the relationship between language and the mind. It examines how people produce and understand language, and how language is stored and processed in the brain.