Oceanic islands are typically formed through volcanic activity, where magma from the Earth's mantle rises to the surface and erupts, building up a landmass over time.

Continental islands are formed when fragments of continental crust break away and become separated from the mainland. They are not considered oceanic islands.

Coral reefs are formed through the process of bioconstruction, where coral polyps secrete calcium carbonate to build their skeletons, creating a hard structure that supports the growth of the reef.

An atoll is a circular or oval-shaped coral reef that surrounds a central lagoon. It is typically found in the open ocean, far from land.

While natural disasters can cause damage to coral reefs, they are not considered a major threat compared to human activities such as climate change, overfishing, and pollution.

Coral resilience refers to the ability of coral reefs to recover from damage or disturbance and maintain their structure and function.

Patch reefs are not a type of coral reef structure. They are small, isolated coral reefs that are typically found in shallow waters.

Coral reefs are important ecosystems because they provide habitat for a diverse range of marine life, help to protect coastlines from erosion, and contribute to the global carbon cycle.

Sargassum is a type of brown algae, not a coral.

Coral acclimatization refers to the process by which coral reefs can adapt to changing environmental conditions, such as rising sea temperatures or changes in acidity.

Tuna is a type of pelagic fish, not a coral reef fish.

Coral reproduction refers to the process by which coral reefs can reproduce and grow, either through sexual reproduction or asexual reproduction.

Jellyfish are not typically found in coral reef ecosystems.

Coral restoration refers to the process by which coral reefs can be restored or rehabilitated, typically through human intervention.

Ulva is a type of green algae, not a coral reef algae.