The Protestant Reformation, which began in the early 16th century, led to a split in the Christian church. This split resulted in the formation of Protestant churches, which were opposed to the Catholic Church. The Catholic Church responded with the Counter-Reformation, which was an attempt to suppress Protestantism.

Germany was the first country to adopt Protestantism. In 1517, Martin Luther, a German monk, posted his Ninety-Five Theses on the door of the Wittenberg church. These theses criticized the Catholic Church, and they sparked the Protestant Reformation.

Martin Luther was the leader of the Protestant Reformation. He was a German monk who criticized the Catholic Church and its practices. Luther's teachings led to the formation of the Lutheran Church, which was the first Protestant church.

The Catholic Church responded to the Protestant Reformation with a number of measures, including the Council of Trent, the Index of Forbidden Books, and the Inquisition. The Council of Trent was a meeting of Catholic bishops that was held in Trent, Italy, from 1545 to 1563. The council condemned Protestantism and reaffirmed the Catholic Church's teachings. The Index of Forbidden Books was a list of books that were banned by the Catholic Church. The Inquisition was a court that was established by the Catholic Church to investigate and punish heresy.

France was the most affected by the Wars of Religion. The wars began in France in 1562, and they lasted for over 30 years. The wars were fought between Protestants and Catholics, and they resulted in the deaths of hundreds of thousands of people.

The Wars of Religion ended in a compromise between Protestants and Catholics. The compromise was reached in the Edict of Nantes, which was signed in 1598. The Edict of Nantes granted Protestants freedom of religion in France.

The Wars of Religion had a number of long-term effects, including the decline of the Catholic Church, the rise of Protestantism, and the division of Europe into Protestant and Catholic countries.

Catholicism is not a Protestant denomination. It is the largest branch of Christianity, and it is the religion of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church.

Marriage is not a Catholic sacrament. It is a civil contract that is recognized by the Catholic Church.

The infallibility of the Pope is not a Protestant belief. It is a Catholic belief that states that the Pope is infallible when he speaks on matters of faith and morals.

Transubstantiation is not a Catholic belief. It is a Protestant belief that states that the bread and wine of the Eucharist are transformed into the body and blood of Christ.

The veneration of saints is not a Protestant practice. It is a Catholic practice that involves the honoring of saints and their relics.

The practice of confession is not a Catholic practice. It is a Protestant practice that involves the confessing of sins to a pastor or elder.

The Roman Catholic Church is not a Protestant church. It is the largest branch of Christianity, and it is the religion of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church.

The Canterbury Cathedral is not a Catholic church. It is an Anglican cathedral, and it is the seat of the Archbishop of Canterbury.