Music and anthropology primarily focuses on understanding how music is embedded within cultural and social contexts, exploring its role in various aspects of human life.

Ethnomusicology is the study of music from a cross-cultural perspective, examining how music is shaped by and reflects cultural beliefs, practices, and values.

Ethnomusicologists aim to document and preserve musical traditions, ensuring that cultural heritage is not lost and that future generations can appreciate and learn from diverse musical expressions.

Musical relativism suggests that music is shaped by and reflects the unique cultural and social context in which it exists, rather than being universally applicable or determined by external factors.

Musical fusion refers to the blending of elements from different musical traditions, resulting in a new and unique musical style that incorporates aspects of multiple cultures.

Sacred music is specifically composed or performed for religious purposes, often associated with rituals, ceremonies, or spiritual practices.

Musical linguistics explores the relationship between music and language, examining how musical elements such as pitch, rhythm, and melody interact with linguistic elements such as words, syntax, and semantics.

Musical universalism suggests that certain musical elements, such as rhythm, melody, and harmony, are universally recognized and appreciated across cultures, regardless of cultural differences.

Music therapy involves the use of music to promote healing and well-being, addressing various physical, emotional, and cognitive challenges.

Folk music is often transmitted orally from generation to generation, carrying cultural narratives, historical events, and traditional beliefs of a particular community.

Musical kinesiology explores the relationship between music and movement, examining how music influences physical movement and how movement can be used to express musical ideas.

Musical determinism suggests that music has the power to directly influence human behavior and emotions, triggering specific responses or altering moods.

Musical sociology examines the role of music in political and social movements, exploring how music can be used to mobilize people, express dissent, and shape social change.

Classical music is characterized by its adherence to specific rules and structures, often involving complex harmonies, melodies, and rhythms.

Musical ecology explores the relationship between music and the environment, examining how music is influenced by and reflects the natural world and how music can be used to promote environmental awareness and conservation.