The Slum Clearance and Improvement Act, 1956 was enacted to address the poor living conditions of slum dwellers in India. It aimed to improve their living conditions by providing basic amenities such as water, sanitation, and electricity, as well as by improving the physical infrastructure of slums.

Leasing is not a type of housing tenure in India. The other three options are all types of housing tenure in India. Ownership refers to the legal right to own a property, renting refers to the payment of rent to use a property, and squatting refers to the unauthorized occupation of a property.

According to the 2011 census, 20-30% of the urban population in India lives in slums.

Secure tenure is not a challenge faced by slum dwellers in India. The other three options are all challenges faced by slum dwellers in India. Lack of access to basic amenities refers to the lack of access to essential services such as water, sanitation, and electricity. Overcrowding refers to the high density of people living in slums. Poor sanitation refers to the lack of proper waste disposal and drainage systems.

The Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) scheme is a government-sponsored scheme that aims to provide affordable housing to all urban poor in India. It is a flagship program of the Government of India and is being implemented by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs.

Subsidy on home loans is not a component of the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) scheme. The other three options are all components of the PMAY scheme. In-situ slum redevelopment refers to the redevelopment of slums on the same site. Affordable housing in partnership with private developers refers to the construction of affordable housing units by private developers in partnership with the government. Construction of new housing units refers to the construction of new housing units by the government.

The target of the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) scheme is to provide affordable housing to 20 million urban poor by 2022.

Lack of awareness among the urban poor is not a challenge faced by the implementation of the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) scheme. The other three options are all challenges faced by the implementation of the PMAY scheme. Lack of land availability refers to the scarcity of land in urban areas for the construction of affordable housing units. High cost of construction refers to the high cost of construction materials and labor. Lack of coordination between different government agencies refers to the lack of coordination between the central government, state governments, and local governments in the implementation of the PMAY scheme.

Social policy plays a crucial role in addressing housing issues. It can provide financial assistance to low-income households for housing, regulate the housing market to ensure that everyone has access to affordable housing, and promote social inclusion and reduce segregation. By doing so, social policy can help to improve the living conditions of people who are struggling to find affordable housing.

Zoning is not a type of social policy that can be used to address housing issues. The other three options are all types of social policy that can be used to address housing issues. Rent control refers to the government regulation of rents to make them more affordable. Housing subsidies refer to financial assistance provided by the government to help people afford housing. Public housing refers to housing that is owned and operated by the government.

The implementation of social policies to address housing issues faces a number of challenges, including lack of political will, lack of funding, and lack of public awareness. Lack of political will refers to the lack of commitment from politicians to address housing issues. Lack of funding refers to the scarcity of financial resources to implement housing policies. Lack of public awareness refers to the lack of knowledge and understanding among the public about housing issues and the policies that can be used to address them.

Community organizations play a crucial role in addressing housing issues. They can advocate for policies that address housing needs, provide housing assistance to low-income households, and educate the public about housing issues. By doing so, community organizations can help to improve the living conditions of people who are struggling to find affordable housing.

Government agencies are not a type of community organization that can be involved in addressing housing issues. The other three options are all types of community organizations that can be involved in addressing housing issues. Non-profit organizations are organizations that are not for profit and are dedicated to a particular cause. Faith-based organizations are organizations that are affiliated with a particular religion. Community development corporations are organizations that are dedicated to improving the living conditions of people in a particular community.

Community organizations face a number of challenges in addressing housing issues, including lack of funding, lack of capacity, and lack of collaboration. Lack of funding refers to the scarcity of financial resources to implement housing programs. Lack of capacity refers to the lack of staff, expertise, and resources to effectively address housing issues. Lack of collaboration refers to the lack of coordination and cooperation between community organizations and other stakeholders, such as government agencies and private developers.

International organizations play a crucial role in addressing housing issues. They can provide financial assistance to countries for housing programs, provide technical assistance to countries for housing programs, and advocate for policies that address housing needs. By doing so, international organizations can help to improve the living conditions of people who are struggling to find affordable housing.