Latent heat storage systems utilize the energy released or absorbed during phase changes of materials to store thermal energy.

Paraffin wax is a widely used PCM due to its high latent heat of fusion, suitable melting temperature range, and chemical stability.

Latent heat storage systems offer higher energy storage density compared to sensible heat storage systems, allowing for more compact storage solutions.

During charging, the PCM melts by absorbing heat from the surrounding environment or a heat source.

Latent heat storage systems are commonly used for heating and cooling buildings, providing thermal comfort and energy efficiency.

The performance of latent heat storage systems is influenced by the latent heat of fusion, melting temperature, and thermal conductivity of the PCM.

Poor heat transfer rates within the PCM can limit the performance and efficiency of latent heat storage systems.

Finned heat exchangers, encapsulation of PCMs, and the use of composite PCMs are techniques used to improve heat transfer rates in latent heat storage systems.

Composite PCMs can enhance heat transfer rates by providing a more uniform distribution of PCM within the storage medium.

Latent heat storage systems can be utilized for storing excess electricity from renewable sources, providing backup power during grid outages, and balancing intermittent renewable energy generation.

The high cost of PCMs can be a significant challenge in the widespread adoption of latent heat storage systems for renewable energy integration.

Research efforts are focused on developing low-cost PCMs, improving heat transfer rates, and enhancing PCM stability and lifespan to overcome the challenges associated with latent heat storage systems.

Latent heat storage systems have the potential to reduce reliance on fossil fuels, increase energy efficiency, and improve grid stability by enabling the integration of renewable energy sources.

China is a leading country in the development and implementation of latent heat storage systems, with significant research and industrial efforts in this area.

The high cost of PCMs, lack of standardized design and manufacturing processes, and limited awareness and understanding of the technology are barriers to the widespread adoption of latent heat storage systems.