The Treaty of Nicias was signed in 421 BC and brought a temporary end to the Peloponnesian War.

Scipio Africanus, also known as Scipio the Elder, was a Roman general who defeated Hannibal at the Battle of Zama, ending the Second Punic War.

Lutheranism is a branch of Christianity that originated with the teachings of Martin Luther, a German monk who challenged the authority of the Roman Catholic Church.

The Battle of Lexington and Concord, which took place in 1775, is considered the start of the American Revolutionary War.

Abolitionism was a movement that sought to end slavery in the United States, particularly in the Southern states.

The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria in 1914 is widely regarded as the event that triggered the outbreak of World War I.

Fascism is a political ideology that emphasizes extreme nationalism, authoritarianism, and a belief in the superiority of one's own nation.

The invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany in 1939 is considered the start of World War II.

Containment was a Cold War policy aimed at preventing the spread of communism by limiting its influence and expansion.

The dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 is widely regarded as the end of the Cold War.

The Civil Rights Movement was a political and social movement that aimed to end racial discrimination and segregation in the United States.

The Gulf of Tonkin Incident in 1964, which involved alleged attacks on American ships, led to the escalation of the Vietnam War.

Racism is a belief that one race is superior to another, often leading to discrimination and oppression.

The Battle of Fort Sumter in 1861 is considered the start of the American Civil War.

Liberalism is a political ideology that emphasizes individual rights, limited government, and free markets.