Aryabhata is widely regarded as the father of Indian astronomy due to his significant contributions to the field in the 5th century CE.

Aryabhata proposed the heliocentric model of the solar system, where the Earth and other planets revolve around the Sun, in his work 'Aryabhatiya'.

Aryabhata is credited with developing the concept of zero and the decimal system, which revolutionized mathematics.

Bhaskara II calculated the value of pi (π) to four decimal places in the 12th century CE.

Varahamihira wrote the astronomical treatise 'Surya Siddhanta' in the 6th century CE, which was a comprehensive work on astronomy and astrology.

C. V. Raman won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930 for his work on the scattering of light, which is known as the Raman effect.

S. Chandrasekhar developed the theory of black holes and won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1983 for his work.

Homi J. Bhabha is known for his work on cosmic rays and is considered one of the pioneers of nuclear physics in India.

M. N. Saha developed the Saha ionization equation, which is used to calculate the degree of ionization of a gas.

Ashoke Sen is a renowned physicist known for his work on string theory and is considered one of the leading experts in the field.

C. V. Raman is widely regarded as the father of modern Indian physics due to his significant contributions to the field and his role in establishing research institutions in India.

Satyendra Nath Bose is known for his work on quantum mechanics, particularly the Bose-Einstein statistics, which describes the behavior of bosons.

Raja Ramanna is known for his contributions to the field of nuclear physics and his role in India's nuclear program.

Vikram Sarabhai is known for his work on particle physics and his contributions to the establishment of the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO).

Vikram Sarabhai is widely regarded as the father of the Indian space program due to his pioneering efforts in establishing ISRO and his vision for India's space exploration.