Brahmi, an abugida script, emerged around the 3rd century BCE and served as the foundation for numerous scripts used in India and Southeast Asia.

An abugida script represents consonants with inherent vowels, and vowel modifications are indicated by diacritical marks.

Kharoshthi, another abugida script, was prevalent in the northwestern regions of ancient India and was used for writing Prakrit languages.

During the Gupta period, Brahmi underwent significant standardization, leading to the emergence of various regional scripts with common roots.

Devanagari, derived from the Gupta script, became the primary script for writing Sanskrit and various North Indian languages.

Unlike other Dravidian scripts, Tamil does not employ vowel signs, relying on inherent vowel sounds associated with consonants.

Malayalam, a Dravidian language, has its own unique script that evolved from the Grantha script.

The Grantha script served as the foundation for the development of several Dravidian scripts, including Tamil, Malayalam, and Kannada.

Gurmukhi, a script derived from the Devanagari script, is primarily used for writing Punjabi.

Odia, an Indo-Aryan language, has its own unique script that evolved from the Brahmi script.

Kannada, a Dravidian language, has its own script that originated from the Kadamba script.

Unlike Tamil, Telugu employs vowel signs to represent vowel sounds associated with consonants.

Bengali, an Indo-Aryan language, has its own unique script that evolved from the Brahmi script.

The Sharada script, used in Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh, is considered the ancestor of the Devanagari script.

Gujarati, an Indo-Aryan language, has its own unique script that evolved from the Devanagari script.