Mandala, meaning 'circle' in Sanskrit, is a spiritual and ritual symbol representing the universe. It often features intricate geometric patterns and is used in meditation, art, and architecture.

The 'Shulba Sutras' are a collection of mathematical texts that provide instructions for constructing altars and performing Vedic rituals. They contain valuable insights into ancient Indian geometry and its applications in religious practices.

The Fibonacci sequence is evident in the design of many Indian temples, particularly in the arrangement of chambers, pillars, and decorative elements. It is believed to bring harmony and balance to the structure.

Benoit Mandelbrot, a French mathematician, coined the term 'fractal' in the 1970s to describe geometric patterns that exhibit self-similarity at different scales. Fractal patterns are commonly found in nature and have been incorporated into contemporary Indian art.

The Golden Ratio, also known as the Divine Proportion, is believed to possess inherent beauty and harmony. It is found in various aspects of Indian art, including dance, painting, and architecture.

Rangoli, a traditional Indian art form, involves creating intricate patterns on the floor using colored powders, sand, flowers, and petals. These patterns often incorporate mathematical principles and symmetry.

The Vedic Square, also known as the 'Soma Square', is an ancient mathematical puzzle involving the arrangement of numbers in a square grid. It is believed to have originated in India and is mentioned in Vedic texts.

Kolam is a traditional art form in South India where symmetrical geometric patterns are drawn on the floor using rice flour or colored powders. These patterns often incorporate mathematical concepts such as symmetry and repetition.

Madhubani painting is characterized by bold lines, vibrant colors, intricate geometric patterns, and depictions of mythological scenes. It often incorporates mathematical principles in the arrangement of elements within the composition.

Warli painting is characterized by simple geometric shapes and figures, earthy tones and natural pigments, and depictions of daily life and tribal customs. It often incorporates mathematical principles in the arrangement and repetition of elements within the composition.

Patachitra painting is characterized by intricate scroll paintings on cloth, use of vibrant colors and gold leaf, and depictions of mythological stories and scenes. It often incorporates mathematical principles in the arrangement and composition of elements within the painting.

Kalighat painting is characterized by bold lines, vibrant colors, depictions of everyday life and social issues, and use of satire and humor. It often incorporates mathematical principles in the arrangement and composition of elements within the painting.

Miniature painting is characterized by small-scale, intricate paintings, use of vibrant colors and gold leaf, and depictions of mythological scenes and royal portraits. It often incorporates mathematical principles in the arrangement and composition of elements within the painting.

Mughal painting is characterized by intricate details, vibrant colors, depictions of court scenes and royal portraits, and use of Persian and Indian artistic influences. It often incorporates mathematical principles in the arrangement and composition of elements within the painting.

Rajput painting is characterized by bold colors, intricate patterns, depictions of mythological scenes and royal portraits, and use of natural pigments and gold leaf. It often incorporates mathematical principles in the arrangement and composition of elements within the painting.