Bioremediation, the process of using microorganisms to clean up environmental pollutants, is not directly related to medical applications of microorganisms.

Bacteria, particularly certain species of Streptomyces and Penicillium, are well-known producers of antibiotics.

Conjugation, transformation, and transduction are all mechanisms by which genetic material can be transferred between microorganisms.

Algae, particularly certain species of microalgae, are promising sources of biofuels due to their ability to produce lipids and carbohydrates.

Decomposition, biodegradation, and mineralization are all terms used to describe the process by which microorganisms break down organic matter.

Bacteria, particularly certain species of Lactobacillus and Streptococcus, are commonly used in the production of fermented foods such as yogurt, cheese, and sauerkraut.

Bioremediation, phytoremediation, and mycoremediation are all processes by which microorganisms or plants remove pollutants from the environment.

Bacteria, particularly certain species of Bacillus and Escherichia coli, are commonly used in the production of enzymes for industrial applications such as detergents, food processing, and pharmaceuticals.

Nitrogen fixation is the process by which microorganisms convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that can be used by plants.

Bacteria, particularly certain species of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, are commonly used in the production of probiotics, which are live microorganisms that provide health benefits when consumed.

Methanogenesis is the process by which microorganisms produce methane gas from organic matter.

Bacteria, particularly certain species of Pseudomonas and Bacillus, are commonly used in the production of bioplastics, which are biodegradable and sustainable alternatives to traditional plastics.

Aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, and fermentation are all processes by which microorganisms convert organic matter into carbon dioxide and water.

Bacteria, particularly certain species of Bacillus and Pseudomonas, are commonly used in the production of biopesticides, which are environmentally friendly alternatives to chemical pesticides.

Hydrogenesis is the process by which microorganisms produce hydrogen gas from organic matter.