Surgical lasers work by delivering high-intensity light energy to the target tissue, causing it to heat up and vaporize.

CO2 lasers are widely used in soft tissue surgery due to their ability to precisely cut and vaporize tissue with minimal collateral damage.

Lasers offer several advantages over traditional surgical instruments, including reduced bleeding, less pain, faster healing, and improved precision.

The 980 nm wavelength of the Nd:YAG laser is strongly absorbed by water, making it effective for ablating and vaporizing tissue with high water content.

Eye damage is the primary safety concern with surgical lasers due to the potential for direct or indirect exposure to high-intensity laser radiation.

Holmium lasers are frequently used for laser lithotripsy due to their ability to effectively fragment urinary stones with minimal damage to surrounding tissue.

Erbium lasers are commonly used in dentistry for the precise ablation of hard tissues, such as enamel and dentin, during cavity preparation and other dental procedures.

Excimer lasers are widely used in laser eye surgery, such as LASIK and PRK, to reshape the cornea and correct refractive errors.

Laser angioplasty offers several advantages over traditional balloon angioplasty, including reduced risk of restenosis, improved blood flow, less patient discomfort, and faster recovery time.

Diode lasers are frequently used for laser hair removal due to their ability to target and destroy hair follicles effectively with minimal skin damage.

Lasers in laser skin resurfacing work by ablating superficial skin layers, stimulating collagen production, and improving skin texture, resulting in a smoother and more youthful appearance.

Q-switched Nd:YAG lasers are widely used for laser tattoo removal due to their ability to selectively target and break down tattoo pigments without causing significant damage to the surrounding skin.

Lasers in laser dentistry offer several advantages over traditional dental drills, including reduced pain and discomfort, improved precision and accuracy, faster treatment times, and reduced risk of infection.

Nd:YAG lasers are frequently used for laser liposuction due to their ability to effectively melt and remove fat cells while minimizing damage to surrounding tissues.

The use of lasers in laser surgery poses several safety concerns, including fire hazard, electrical shock, and eye damage, requiring proper training, safety protocols, and protective measures.