Conservation is not a type of human-environment interaction, but rather a goal or objective of human-environment interactions.

Adaptation is the process by which humans adjust their behavior and lifestyle to better suit their environment.

Modification is the process by which humans change their environment to better suit their needs.

Exploitation is the process by which humans use their environment for resources, often without regard for the consequences.

Conservation is the process by which humans protect their environment for future generations.

Deforestation, pollution, and overfishing are all examples of human exploitation of the environment.

Recycling, reforestation, and reducing pollution are all examples of human conservation of the environment.

Building houses that are resistant to earthquakes, wearing clothes that are appropriate for the climate, and eating foods that are native to the region are all examples of human adaptation to the environment.

Building dams, creating artificial lakes, and terracing hillsides are all examples of human modification of the environment.

Increased food production, improved transportation, and access to clean water are all positive consequences of human-environment interactions.

Pollution, deforestation, and climate change are all negative consequences of human-environment interactions.

Using renewable resources, reducing waste, and protecting biodiversity are all sustainable ways to interact with the environment.

Using non-renewable resources, producing waste, and destroying biodiversity are all unsustainable ways to interact with the environment.

The goal of sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Poverty, inequality, and climate change are all challenges to achieving sustainable development.