Spain was the first European country to establish a permanent colony in the Americas, with the founding of Santo Domingo in the Dominican Republic in 1496.

The main motivation for European countries to engage in imperialism was economic expansion, as they sought to acquire new markets, resources, and labor.

Ghana was the first African country to gain independence from colonial rule, achieving independence from the United Kingdom in 1957.

The British policy of indirect rule in its colonies was known as indirect rule, which involved ruling through local elites and preserving traditional institutions.

The United Kingdom had the largest colonial empire at the height of its power, covering over 20% of the world's land area.

The Quit India Movement was the Indian independence movement led by Mahatma Gandhi, which called for the British to leave India immediately.

Belgium colonized the Congo Free State, which was a brutal and exploitative regime that resulted in the deaths of millions of Congolese people.

The French policy of assimilation in its colonies was known as assimilation, which involved integrating colonial subjects into French culture and society.

France colonized Algeria, which was a brutal and oppressive regime that lasted for over 130 years.

The British policy of divide and rule in its colonies was known as divide and rule, which involved playing different ethnic or religious groups against each other to maintain control.

The United Kingdom colonized India, which was a brutal and exploitative regime that lasted for over 200 years.

The Chinese Boxer Rebellion was a violent uprising against foreign influence in China, which was eventually crushed by a coalition of foreign powers.

Spain colonized the Philippines, which was a brutal and oppressive regime that lasted for over 300 years.

The Japanese policy of assimilation in its colonies was known as assimilation, which involved integrating colonial subjects into Japanese culture and society.

The Netherlands colonized Indonesia, which was a brutal and exploitative regime that lasted for over 300 years.