Forensic genetics plays a crucial role in identifying suspects by analyzing DNA samples collected from crime scenes and comparing them to DNA profiles of known individuals or suspects.

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a widely used technique in forensic genetics to amplify specific DNA regions, allowing for the analysis of even minute DNA samples.

Genetic markers are specific DNA regions that exhibit variations among individuals and are used to identify and distinguish them.

Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) are commonly used in forensic DNA profiling due to their high variability and abundance in the human genome.

DNA matching involves comparing DNA profiles from a crime scene to DNA profiles of known individuals or suspects to determine if they match.

Random Match Probability refers to the probability that two unrelated individuals will have the same DNA profile by chance.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is primarily used in forensic genetics to trace maternal lineage and identify individuals who share a common maternal ancestor.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) Analysis is often used when dealing with degraded or limited DNA samples due to its high copy number and maternal inheritance pattern.

DNA Sequencing involves determining the order of nucleotides in a DNA molecule, providing detailed information about the genetic makeup of an individual.

Y-Chromosome STR Analysis is specifically used to analyze DNA samples from male suspects, as it targets genetic markers located on the Y-chromosome.

DNA Kinship Analysis involves determining the genetic relationship between individuals, including親子關係、兄弟姐妹關係和祖先關係。

Ancient DNA Analysis involves specialized techniques to extract and analyze DNA from ancient or archaeological remains, providing insights into historical populations and evolutionary relationships.

DNA Profiling involves analyzing specific genetic markers to determine the genetic makeup of an individual.

Short Tandem Repeat (STR) Analysis is commonly used to analyze DNA samples from forensic evidence due to its high variability and ability to provide individual-specific DNA profiles.

Genetic Testing involves analyzing an individual's DNA to determine the genetic basis of a disease or trait.