The Argument from Utility is a consequentialist moral theory, which means that it judges the rightness or wrongness of an action based on its consequences.

Jeremy Bentham was an English philosopher and jurist who is considered to be the founder of utilitarianism.

The principle of utility is the foundation of the Argument from Utility. It states that the right action is the one that produces the greatest amount of happiness or pleasure for the greatest number of people.

Hedonic utility is the pleasure or happiness that is experienced by an individual, while eudaimonic utility is the flourishing or well-being of an individual.

Act utility is concerned with the consequences of each individual action, while rule utility is concerned with the consequences of following a general rule. Act utilitarians believe that the right action is the one that produces the greatest amount of happiness or pleasure for the greatest number of people in the particular situation, while rule utilitarians believe that the right action is the one that is in accordance with the rule that would produce the greatest amount of happiness or pleasure for the greatest number of people in the long run.

The Argument from Utility has been criticized on a number of grounds, including that it is too subjective, that it is too difficult to measure happiness or pleasure, that it ignores the rights of individuals, and that it is too consequentialist.

The Argument from Utility remains a popular moral theory because it is a simple and straightforward theory, it is a theory that is based on common sense, and it is a theory that is consistent with our intuitions about right and wrong.

The question of whether or not the Argument from Utility is a sound moral theory is a matter of opinion. There is no right or wrong answer.