The Gini coefficient, Lorenz curve, and Palma ratio are all commonly used measures of economic inequality.

The relationship between economic inequality and human development is complex and depends on a variety of factors, including the level of inequality, the type of inequality, and the policies and institutions in place to address inequality.

Economic inequality can lead to increased poverty and social exclusion, reduced access to education and healthcare, and increased crime and social unrest.

Government can play a role in addressing economic inequality by redistributing income from the rich to the poor, providing social safety nets for the poor and vulnerable, and investing in education and healthcare to improve the skills and opportunities of the poor.

There are a number of challenges to reducing economic inequality, including the political power of the wealthy, the resistance of the middle class to higher taxes, and the lack of public support for government intervention.

The relationship between economic inequality and economic growth is complex and depends on a variety of factors, including the level of inequality, the type of inequality, and the policies and institutions in place to address inequality.

Reducing economic inequality can lead to reduced poverty and social exclusion, improved access to education and healthcare, and increased social mobility.

International cooperation can help to reduce global economic inequality, promote sustainable economic growth, and strengthen social safety nets.

The different levels of economic development among countries, the different political systems among countries, and the different cultural values among countries are all challenges to achieving international cooperation on economic inequality.

It is impossible to predict the future of economic inequality, as it depends on a variety of factors, including the policies and institutions in place to address inequality, the level of economic growth, and the changing nature of work.