Government spending is primarily used to stimulate economic growth by increasing aggregate demand.

An increase in government spending leads to an increase in aggregate demand, which can put upward pressure on prices, resulting in inflation.

Stagflation is a situation where inflation and unemployment are both high, often accompanied by slow economic growth.

High government spending typically leads to higher inflation, not lower inflation.

Central banks use monetary policy, such as adjusting interest rates, to influence the money supply and control inflation.

A budget deficit occurs when the government's spending exceeds its revenue, leading to a shortfall.

A budget deficit typically leads to higher interest rates, not lower inflation.

A budget surplus occurs when the government's revenue exceeds its expenditures, resulting in a surplus.

A budget surplus typically leads to lower interest rates, not higher inflation.

A balanced budget occurs when the government's expenditures and revenue are equal, resulting in no deficit or surplus.

A balanced budget typically leads to moderate interest rates, not high inflation.

Fiscal stimulus involves government actions to increase spending or cut taxes to boost economic activity.

Fiscal stimulus typically leads to higher interest rates, not lower interest rates.

Monetary policy involves central bank actions to adjust interest rates and influence the money supply to achieve economic goals.

Monetary policy does not directly influence government spending.