In a democracy, the courts are responsible for interpreting the laws that are made by the legislature and enforcing those laws.

Judicial review is the power of the courts to declare laws unconstitutional. This power is essential to the system of checks and balances in a democracy.

In Marbury v. Madison (1803), the Supreme Court ruled that it had the power to declare laws unconstitutional. This decision established the principle of judicial review.

Stare decisis is the principle that courts should follow precedent. This doctrine helps to ensure that the law is applied consistently and fairly.

Case law is a type of public policy that is created by the courts. It is based on the decisions that courts make in individual cases.

Statutory law is created by the legislature, while case law is created by the courts. Statutory law is more general, while case law is more specific.

The Affordable Care Act is an example of a statutory law. It was passed by Congress and signed into law by President Obama.

Roe v. Wade is an example of a case law. It was decided by the Supreme Court in 1973.

The role of the courts in the policy-making process is to interpret laws. This means that the courts decide what the laws mean and how they should be applied.

The courts can influence public policy by interpreting laws. This means that the courts can decide what the laws mean and how they should be applied. This can have a significant impact on public policy.

The courts face a number of challenges in interpreting laws. These challenges include the fact that the laws are often vague and ambiguous, the laws are often conflicting, and the laws are often outdated.

The courts resolve conflicts between different laws by applying the rule of stare decisis, the doctrine of implied repeal, and the principle of severability.

The rule of stare decisis is the principle that courts should follow precedent. This means that courts should decide cases in the same way that they have decided similar cases in the past.

The doctrine of implied repeal is the principle that a later law repeals an earlier law that is inconsistent with it. This means that if a later law conflicts with an earlier law, the later law will prevail.

The principle of severability is the principle that a court can strike down a portion of a law without invalidating the entire law. This means that if a court finds that a portion of a law is unconstitutional, it can strike down that portion of the law without affecting the rest of the law.