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Political Decentralization and Social Development

Description: Political Decentralization and Social Development
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: indian politics political decentralization
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What is the primary objective of political decentralization?

  1. To enhance local governance and decision-making.

  2. To centralize power and authority at the national level.

  3. To reduce the role of state governments in policy implementation.

  4. To increase the bureaucracy in local governance.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Political decentralization aims to empower local communities and governments to make decisions and manage their own affairs, promoting local autonomy and participation.

Which of the following is NOT a potential benefit of political decentralization?

  1. Improved service delivery and responsiveness to local needs.

  2. Increased accountability and transparency in governance.

  3. Reduced regional disparities and social inequalities.

  4. Weakened national unity and cohesion.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Political decentralization typically aims to strengthen local governance and address regional disparities, rather than weakening national unity.

What is the Panchayati Raj system in India?

  1. A system of local self-governance in rural areas.

  2. A system of local self-governance in urban areas.

  3. A system of national government.

  4. A system of state government.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Panchayati Raj system is a three-tier system of local government in rural India, consisting of village councils, block councils, and district councils.

What is the main function of Panchayats in India?

  1. To implement development programs and provide basic services.

  2. To collect taxes and generate revenue.

  3. To maintain law and order.

  4. To conduct elections.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Panchayats in India are responsible for implementing development programs, providing basic services such as water, sanitation, and education, and promoting economic development in their respective areas.

What is the role of civil society organizations in political decentralization?

  1. To promote citizen participation and hold governments accountable.

  2. To provide financial and technical support to local governments.

  3. To implement government programs and policies.

  4. To regulate the activities of local governments.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Civil society organizations play a crucial role in political decentralization by promoting citizen participation, holding governments accountable, and advocating for transparent and responsive governance.

Which of the following is NOT a challenge faced by political decentralization in developing countries?

  1. Lack of capacity and resources at the local level.

  2. Political interference and corruption.

  3. Weak legal and institutional frameworks.

  4. Strong national governments.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Strong national governments are generally not considered a challenge to political decentralization, as they can provide support and resources to local governments.

What is the relationship between political decentralization and social development?

  1. Political decentralization can contribute to social development by empowering local communities and improving service delivery.

  2. Political decentralization can hinder social development by increasing regional disparities and social inequalities.

  3. Political decentralization has no impact on social development.

  4. Political decentralization is always detrimental to social development.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Political decentralization can contribute to social development by empowering local communities to make decisions and manage their own affairs, leading to improved service delivery, increased accountability, and reduced social inequalities.

How does political decentralization contribute to poverty reduction?

  1. By empowering local communities to identify and address their own needs.

  2. By increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of social welfare programs.

  3. By promoting economic growth and job creation.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Political decentralization can contribute to poverty reduction by empowering local communities to identify and address their own needs, increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of social welfare programs, and promoting economic growth and job creation.

What is the role of women in political decentralization?

  1. Women's participation in local governance can improve decision-making and policy outcomes.

  2. Women's participation in local governance can lead to increased gender equality and empowerment.

  3. Women's participation in local governance can promote peace and stability.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Women's participation in political decentralization can improve decision-making and policy outcomes, lead to increased gender equality and empowerment, and promote peace and stability.

How can political decentralization be strengthened in developing countries?

  1. By providing capacity-building support to local governments.

  2. By establishing strong legal and institutional frameworks for decentralization.

  3. By promoting citizen participation and holding governments accountable.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Strengthening political decentralization in developing countries requires a combination of capacity-building support to local governments, establishing strong legal and institutional frameworks, and promoting citizen participation and accountability.

What are the potential risks of political decentralization?

  1. Increased regional disparities and social inequalities.

  2. Weakened national unity and cohesion.

  3. Increased corruption and political instability.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Political decentralization can potentially lead to increased regional disparities and social inequalities, weakened national unity and cohesion, and increased corruption and political instability.

How can the risks of political decentralization be mitigated?

  1. By establishing strong legal and institutional frameworks for decentralization.

  2. By promoting citizen participation and holding governments accountable.

  3. By providing capacity-building support to local governments.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Mitigating the risks of political decentralization requires a combination of establishing strong legal and institutional frameworks, promoting citizen participation and accountability, and providing capacity-building support to local governments.

What is the future of political decentralization in the world?

  1. Political decentralization is likely to continue to expand in the coming years.

  2. Political decentralization is likely to face increasing challenges from national governments.

  3. Political decentralization is likely to become less relevant in the era of globalization.

  4. Political decentralization is likely to be replaced by centralized governance models.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Political decentralization is likely to continue to expand in the coming years, as more and more countries recognize the benefits of empowering local communities and governments.

What are some of the key challenges that political decentralization faces in the 21st century?

  1. The rise of populism and nationalism.

  2. The increasing complexity of global issues.

  3. The growing influence of technology.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Political decentralization faces a number of challenges in the 21st century, including the rise of populism and nationalism, the increasing complexity of global issues, and the growing influence of technology.

How can political decentralization be adapted to address the challenges of the 21st century?

  1. By promoting multi-level governance and collaboration.

  2. By investing in capacity-building and innovation at the local level.

  3. By strengthening citizen participation and accountability.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Political decentralization can be adapted to address the challenges of the 21st century by promoting multi-level governance and collaboration, investing in capacity-building and innovation at the local level, and strengthening citizen participation and accountability.

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