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Responsibility for Violations of International Humanitarian Law

Description: This quiz covers the topic of Responsibility for Violations of International Humanitarian Law.
Number of Questions: 15
Created by:
Tags: international humanitarian law responsibility violations
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Which of the following is not a grave breach of the Geneva Conventions?

  1. Wilful killing

  2. Torture or inhuman treatment

  3. Extensive destruction and appropriation of property, not justified by military necessity and carried out unlawfully and wantonly

  4. Taking of hostages

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Extensive destruction and appropriation of property is not a grave breach of the Geneva Conventions, but it is a war crime.

Who is responsible for violations of international humanitarian law?

  1. Individuals

  2. States

  3. Both individuals and states

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Both individuals and states can be held responsible for violations of international humanitarian law.

What is the principle of command responsibility?

  1. The responsibility of a military commander for the actions of their subordinates

  2. The responsibility of a state for the actions of its officials

  3. The responsibility of an individual for their own actions

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The principle of command responsibility holds military commanders responsible for the actions of their subordinates, even if they did not directly order or participate in the violations.

What is the doctrine of superior responsibility?

  1. The responsibility of a state for the actions of its officials

  2. The responsibility of a military commander for the actions of their subordinates

  3. The responsibility of an individual for their own actions

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The doctrine of superior responsibility holds states responsible for the actions of their officials, even if they did not directly order or participate in the violations.

What is the principle of universal jurisdiction?

  1. The jurisdiction of a state to prosecute individuals for crimes committed anywhere in the world

  2. The jurisdiction of a state to prosecute individuals for crimes committed within its territory

  3. The jurisdiction of a state to prosecute individuals for crimes committed against its nationals

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The principle of universal jurisdiction allows states to prosecute individuals for crimes committed anywhere in the world, regardless of the nationality of the perpetrator or the victim.

What is the International Criminal Court (ICC)?

  1. A permanent international court that prosecutes individuals for crimes against humanity, war crimes, and genocide

  2. A temporary international court that is established to prosecute individuals for specific crimes

  3. A court that is established by a state to prosecute individuals for crimes committed within its territory

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The ICC is a permanent international court that prosecutes individuals for crimes against humanity, war crimes, and genocide.

What is the Rome Statute?

  1. The treaty that established the International Criminal Court

  2. The treaty that established the United Nations

  3. The treaty that established the Geneva Conventions

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Rome Statute is the treaty that established the International Criminal Court.

What are the elements of a war crime?

  1. A serious violation of the Geneva Conventions

  2. A violation of the laws and customs of war

  3. A crime against humanity

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

War crimes are serious violations of the Geneva Conventions, violations of the laws and customs of war, and crimes against humanity.

What are the elements of a crime against humanity?

  1. A widespread or systematic attack against a civilian population

  2. An act of genocide

  3. A crime of apartheid

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Crimes against humanity are widespread or systematic attacks against a civilian population, acts of genocide, and crimes of apartheid.

What is the difference between a war crime and a crime against humanity?

  1. War crimes are committed during armed conflict, while crimes against humanity are committed during peacetime

  2. War crimes are committed against military targets, while crimes against humanity are committed against civilian targets

  3. War crimes are committed by soldiers, while crimes against humanity are committed by civilians

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

There is no clear distinction between war crimes and crimes against humanity. Both can be committed during armed conflict or peacetime, against military or civilian targets, and by soldiers or civilians.

What is the principle of non-refoulement?

  1. The principle that a state cannot return a person to a country where they would be at risk of persecution

  2. The principle that a state cannot return a person to a country where they have been convicted of a crime

  3. The principle that a state cannot return a person to a country where they have been granted asylum

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The principle of non-refoulement prohibits states from returning a person to a country where they would be at risk of persecution.

What is the principle of aut dedere aut judicare?

  1. The principle that a state must either extradite a person accused of a crime to the country where the crime was committed or prosecute the person in its own courts

  2. The principle that a state must either extradite a person accused of a crime to the country where the crime was committed or grant the person asylum

  3. The principle that a state must either extradite a person accused of a crime to the country where the crime was committed or release the person

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The principle of aut dedere aut judicare requires states to either extradite a person accused of a crime to the country where the crime was committed or prosecute the person in their own courts.

What is the principle of universal jurisdiction?

  1. The principle that a state can prosecute individuals for crimes committed anywhere in the world

  2. The principle that a state can prosecute individuals for crimes committed within its territory

  3. The principle that a state can prosecute individuals for crimes committed against its nationals

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The principle of universal jurisdiction allows states to prosecute individuals for crimes committed anywhere in the world, regardless of the nationality of the perpetrator or the victim.

What is the principle of complementarity?

  1. The principle that the International Criminal Court can only prosecute individuals if the state in which the crimes were committed is unwilling or unable to do so

  2. The principle that the International Criminal Court can only prosecute individuals if the state in which the crimes were committed has requested the Court to do so

  3. The principle that the International Criminal Court can only prosecute individuals if the state in which the crimes were committed has consented to the Court's jurisdiction

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The principle of complementarity allows the International Criminal Court to prosecute individuals only if the state in which the crimes were committed is unwilling or unable to do so.

What is the principle of individual criminal responsibility?

  1. The principle that individuals can be held responsible for crimes committed under international law

  2. The principle that states can be held responsible for crimes committed under international law

  3. The principle that both individuals and states can be held responsible for crimes committed under international law

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The principle of individual criminal responsibility holds that individuals can be held responsible for crimes committed under international law.

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