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Glycolysis: The First Step in Cellular Respiration

Description: Glycolysis: The First Step in Cellular Respiration
Number of Questions: 14
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Tags: biochemistry cellular respiration glycolysis
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What is the first step in glycolysis?

  1. Phosphorylation of glucose

  2. Isomerization of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate

  3. Cleavage of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate into two three-carbon molecules

  4. Formation of pyruvate

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The first step in glycolysis is the phosphorylation of glucose by hexokinase, which converts glucose into glucose-6-phosphate.

What is the role of ATP in glycolysis?

  1. It provides energy for the phosphorylation of glucose

  2. It is a product of glycolysis

  3. It is a substrate for glycolysis

  4. It is an inhibitor of glycolysis

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

ATP provides the energy for the phosphorylation of glucose by hexokinase, which is the first step in glycolysis.

What is the net gain of ATP during glycolysis?

  1. 2 ATP

  2. 4 ATP

  3. 6 ATP

  4. 8 ATP

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The net gain of ATP during glycolysis is 2 ATP molecules, which are produced during the substrate-level phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate.

What is the fate of pyruvate at the end of glycolysis?

  1. It is converted to acetyl-CoA and enters the citric acid cycle

  2. It is converted to lactate and excreted from the cell

  3. It is converted to ethanol and excreted from the cell

  4. It is converted to carbon dioxide and excreted from the cell

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Pyruvate is converted to acetyl-CoA by pyruvate dehydrogenase, which is the first step in the citric acid cycle.

What is the role of NAD+ in glycolysis?

  1. It is a substrate for glycolysis

  2. It is a product of glycolysis

  3. It is a cofactor for glycolysis

  4. It is an inhibitor of glycolysis

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

NAD+ is a cofactor for glycolysis, and it is reduced to NADH during the oxidation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate.

What is the role of phosphoglycerate kinase in glycolysis?

  1. It catalyzes the phosphorylation of glucose

  2. It catalyzes the isomerization of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate

  3. It catalyzes the cleavage of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate into two three-carbon molecules

  4. It catalyzes the conversion of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Phosphoglycerate kinase catalyzes the conversion of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate, which is a substrate-level phosphorylation reaction that produces ATP.

What is the role of enolase in glycolysis?

  1. It catalyzes the phosphorylation of glucose

  2. It catalyzes the isomerization of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate

  3. It catalyzes the cleavage of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate into two three-carbon molecules

  4. It catalyzes the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Enolase catalyzes the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate, which is a substrate-level phosphorylation reaction that produces ATP.

What is the role of pyruvate kinase in glycolysis?

  1. It catalyzes the phosphorylation of glucose

  2. It catalyzes the isomerization of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate

  3. It catalyzes the cleavage of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate into two three-carbon molecules

  4. It catalyzes the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Pyruvate kinase catalyzes the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate, which is a substrate-level phosphorylation reaction that produces ATP.

What is the overall equation for glycolysis?

  1. Glucose + 2 NAD+ + 2 ADP + 2 Pi → 2 Pyruvate + 2 NADH + 2 ATP + 2 H2O

  2. Glucose + 2 NAD+ + 2 ADP + 2 Pi → 2 Pyruvate + 2 NADH + 4 ATP + 2 H2O

  3. Glucose + 2 NAD+ + 2 ADP + 2 Pi → 2 Pyruvate + 2 NADH + 6 ATP + 2 H2O

  4. Glucose + 2 NAD+ + 2 ADP + 2 Pi → 2 Pyruvate + 2 NADH + 8 ATP + 2 H2O

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The overall equation for glycolysis is Glucose + 2 NAD+ + 2 ADP + 2 Pi → 2 Pyruvate + 2 NADH + 2 ATP + 2 H2O.

Where does glycolysis take place in the cell?

  1. Cytoplasm

  2. Mitochondria

  3. Nucleus

  4. Endoplasmic reticulum

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell.

What is the role of glycolysis in cellular respiration?

  1. It is the first step in cellular respiration

  2. It is the only step in cellular respiration

  3. It is the final step in cellular respiration

  4. It is not a step in cellular respiration

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Glycolysis is the first step in cellular respiration, and it is responsible for the breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate.

What is the role of glycolysis in fermentation?

  1. It is the first step in fermentation

  2. It is the only step in fermentation

  3. It is the final step in fermentation

  4. It is not a step in fermentation

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Glycolysis is the first step in fermentation, and it is responsible for the breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate.

What are the two main types of fermentation?

  1. Alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation

  2. Alcoholic fermentation and aerobic fermentation

  3. Lactic acid fermentation and aerobic fermentation

  4. Anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The two main types of fermentation are alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation.

What is the role of glycolysis in the production of ATP?

  1. It is the only step in the production of ATP

  2. It is the first step in the production of ATP

  3. It is the final step in the production of ATP

  4. It is not a step in the production of ATP

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Glycolysis is the first step in the production of ATP, and it is responsible for the breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate, which are then used to produce ATP in the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.

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