Lighting in Indian theatre is primarily used to convey emotions and moods, rather than to create a realistic atmosphere or highlight the actors.

Kathakali, a classical dance-drama form from Kerala, is known for its elaborate lighting techniques, which are used to create a sense of atmosphere and convey emotions.

Diya is the term used for the traditional oil lamp used in Indian theatre. It is a small, earthenware lamp filled with oil and a wick, and is used to provide light during performances.

Ellipsoidal reflectors, also known as ERS lights, are commonly used in Indian theatre for their versatility and ability to create specific lighting effects.

Sound in Indian theatre plays a multifaceted role, including creating a realistic atmosphere, enhancing the emotional impact of a scene, and providing information about the setting and characters.

Tabla, a pair of hand drums, is often used to create sound effects in Indian theatre due to its versatility and ability to produce a wide range of sounds.

Katha is a traditional Indian vocal performance style that combines storytelling and music. It is often used in theatre to convey important messages or stories.

Mixing consoles are commonly used in Indian theatre to control and mix various sound sources, such as microphones, music, and sound effects.

Technical direction is the term used for the overall design and coordination of lighting, sound, and other technical aspects of a theatre production.

Tholpavakoothu is a traditional Indian theatre form from Kerala that uses shadow puppets to tell stories and convey messages.

Ghatam is a traditional Indian musical instrument made from a clay pot that is played by striking it with the hands. It is often used in theatre to create rhythmic patterns and sound effects.

Softboxes are used in Indian theatre to create a soft, diffused light that is often used to highlight actors or create a specific mood.

Sitar is a traditional Indian musical instrument that is played by plucking a series of strings. It is often used in theatre to create melodies and accompany songs.

Kathakali is a traditional Indian theatre form from Kerala that is known for its elaborate costumes and makeup, which are used to create visually stunning performances.