The intentional placement of polluting facilities in minority or low-income communities.

The disproportionate impact of environmental hazards on minority or low-income communities.

The lack of access to environmental resources for minority or low-income communities.

All of the above.

It provides evidence of the existence and extent of environmental racism.

It helps identify the causes and consequences of environmental racism.

It informs the development of policies and interventions to address environmental racism.

All of the above.

Research has been used to document the disproportionate exposure of minority communities to air pollution.

Research has been used to identify the links between environmental hazards and health problems in minority communities.

Research has been used to develop policies and interventions to reduce environmental disparities.

All of the above.

Lack of data on race and ethnicity.

Difficulty in measuring environmental exposures.

Resistance from polluters and government agencies.

All of the above.

Research on the cumulative impacts of environmental hazards.

Research on the role of environmental racism in climate change.

Research on the effectiveness of interventions to address environmental racism.

All of the above.

Support organizations that conduct research on environmental racism.

Participate in research studies on environmental racism.

Educate themselves and others about environmental racism.

All of the above.

It helps raise awareness about the issue.

It provides evidence for policy and decision-making.

It helps identify and prioritize affected communities.

All of the above.

By exposing discriminatory practices.

By proposing alternative policies.

By evaluating the effectiveness of existing policies.

All of the above.

The creation of the Environmental Justice movement.

The passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

The establishment of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

All of the above.

By providing data to support their claims.

By connecting them with policymakers and decision-makers.

By training them in advocacy and organizing skills.

All of the above.

Lack of funding for research.

Resistance from polluters and government agencies.

Difficulty in collecting data on race and ethnicity.

All of the above.

By informing policies and decision-making.

By raising awareness about social and environmental issues.

By empowering communities to advocate for change.

All of the above.

Research has led to the cleanup of toxic waste sites in minority communities.

Research has helped to secure funding for environmental justice initiatives.

Research has supported the development of policies to reduce air pollution in minority communities.

All of the above.

By supporting organizations that conduct research on environmental racism.

By participating in research studies on environmental racism.

By educating themselves and others about environmental racism.

All of the above.

Research on the health effects of climate change on minority communities.

Research on the role of environmental racism in the displacement of minority communities.

Research on the intersections of environmental racism and other forms of oppression.

All of the above.