Solar radiation heats the Earth's surface unevenly, creating differences in temperature and pressure that drive weather systems.

The jet stream is a fast-moving air current that flows in the upper atmosphere and influences weather patterns around the globe.

Cyclones are large-scale weather systems that bring low pressure, strong winds, and precipitation.

Anticyclones are regions of high atmospheric pressure with clear skies and calm winds.

A cold front is a weather front that separates warm and cold air masses, with the cold air mass advancing and replacing the warm air mass.

Warm fronts typically bring clouds and precipitation, such as rain or snow, as the warm air mass rises over the colder air mass.

Cold fronts often bring unstable weather conditions, including thunderstorms, heavy rain, and strong winds.

An occluded front forms when a warm front overtakes a cold front, resulting in a combination of weather conditions.

Stationary fronts often bring cloudy and foggy conditions, with little change in temperature or wind direction.

Hurricanes are large-scale atmospheric disturbances that originate over tropical oceans and are characterized by strong winds, heavy rain, and storm surges.

Tornadoes are violent, rotating columns of air that extend from the ground to the base of a thunderstorm cloud.

Computer models are the primary tool used by meteorologists to forecast weather, as they can process large amounts of data and simulate atmospheric conditions.

Weather forecasting is the process of using past weather data to predict future weather patterns.

Climatology is the study of long-term weather patterns and climate.

Synoptic meteorology is the study of short-term weather patterns and processes.