The Indian Neutrino Observatory (INO) is a proposed underground neutrino observatory in India, while the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT), Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT), and Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) are all major upcoming astronomy projects.

The primary goal of the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) is to study dark energy, which is a mysterious force that is causing the expansion of the universe to accelerate.

Observing gravitational waves is not a method used to study dark energy, as gravitational waves are ripples in spacetime caused by massive objects accelerating.

AstroSat is an Indian satellite that was launched in 2017 to study dark energy, among other things.

Political instability is not a challenge facing Indian astronomy, as India is a stable democracy with a strong commitment to science.

The Himalayan Chandra Telescope (HCT) is a proposed Indian telescope that will be the largest in the world, with a diameter of 40 meters.

Curing diseases is not a potential benefit of studying dark energy, as dark energy is a fundamental force of nature that is not related to biology or medicine.

Jayant Narlikar is an Indian astronomer who is a leading expert in the study of dark energy.

Modified gravity is not a type of dark energy, but rather a theory that attempts to explain the acceleration of the universe's expansion without invoking dark energy.

The Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) is a research institute dedicated to the study of astronomy and astrophysics.

The lack of funding for dark energy research is not a major challenge facing the study of dark energy, as there is a great deal of international interest in this field and significant funding is available.

AstroSat-2 is an Indian satellite that was launched in 2021 to study the cosmic microwave background, among other things.

Curing diseases is not a potential application of dark energy research, as dark energy is a fundamental force of nature that is not related to biology or medicine.

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar was an Indian astronomer who was the first to propose the existence of dark energy.