The sociology of educational policy is a field of study that examines the role of education in society, the impact of educational policies on students, and the relationship between education and social inequality.

The theory of social reproduction argues that education serves to maintain the existing social order by reproducing the social class structure. The theory of cultural capital argues that education is a means of transmitting cultural knowledge and skills from one generation to the next, and that this knowledge and skills can be used to gain social and economic advantage. The theory of symbolic interactionism argues that education is a social process in which students learn to interact with others and to understand the social world around them.

Research in the sociology of educational policy has found that education is a major factor in social mobility, that educational policies can have a significant impact on students' life chances, and that education is a key factor in promoting social equality.

The sociology of educational policy faces a number of challenges, including the lack of data on educational outcomes, the difficulty of measuring the impact of educational policies, and the political sensitivity of educational policy research.

The sociology of educational policy can be used to inform policymaking by providing evidence on the impact of educational policies, by identifying the needs of students from different backgrounds, and by developing new educational policies that are more effective and equitable.