Nuclear safety and security aim to minimize the potential hazards posed by nuclear energy, including radiation exposure, nuclear accidents, and the proliferation of nuclear weapons.

The IAEA is the primary international organization dedicated to promoting nuclear safety and security, providing guidance, technical assistance, and coordinating international efforts in these areas.

Radiation protection involves implementing various measures to minimize human exposure to ionizing radiation, such as shielding, monitoring, and dose limits.

Gamma rays are high-energy photons emitted during nuclear reactions and are commonly associated with nuclear power plants and radioactive materials.

The containment structure in a nuclear power plant is designed to prevent the release of radioactive materials into the environment in the event of an accident.

Technetium-99m is a widely used radioactive isotope in nuclear medicine for diagnostic imaging due to its short half-life and suitable gamma ray emissions.

Decontamination involves removing radioactive materials from surfaces, objects, or areas to reduce radiation levels and minimize the risk of exposure.

The NPT is a landmark international treaty aimed at preventing the spread of nuclear weapons and promoting cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy.

Nuclear decommissioning involves the safe shutdown, dismantling, and cleanup of a nuclear facility at the end of its operational life.

Uranium, particularly its isotopes uranium-235 and uranium-238, is the primary fuel used in nuclear reactors for generating electricity.

Nuclear emergency plans are designed to provide a coordinated response to nuclear accidents, including evacuation, sheltering, and medical treatment.

The IAEA is responsible for developing safety standards and guidelines to ensure the safe and secure operation of nuclear facilities and activities worldwide.

Nuclear waste management involves the safe handling, storage, and disposal of radioactive waste generated from nuclear power plants and other nuclear facilities.

Americium-241 is commonly used in smoke detectors due to its long half-life and ability to ionize air, triggering the alarm mechanism.

Nuclear safety assessment involves evaluating the potential risks and impacts of a nuclear facility or activity to ensure compliance with safety regulations and standards.