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Magnetic Properties of Solids

Description: Magnetic Properties of Solids Quiz
Number of Questions: 14
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Tags: magnetism magnetic properties magnetic materials
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What is the SI unit of magnetic field strength?

  1. Tesla (T)

  2. Gauss (G)

  3. Ampere per meter (A/m)

  4. Weber per square meter (Wb/m^2)

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The SI unit of magnetic field strength is Tesla (T), named after the Serbian-American electrical engineer Nikola Tesla.

Which of the following materials is ferromagnetic?

  1. Iron (Fe)

  2. Copper (Cu)

  3. Aluminum (Al)

  4. Gold (Au)

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Ferromagnetic materials are strongly attracted to magnets and can be magnetized. Iron (Fe) is a ferromagnetic material, while copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), and gold (Au) are not.

What is the magnetic permeability of a vacuum?

  1. 1

  2. 0

  3. 4π x 10^-7 T m/A

  4. 8.85 x 10^-12 F/m

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The magnetic permeability of a vacuum is a constant, denoted by the symbol μ0, and its value is approximately 4π x 10^-7 T m/A.

What is the relationship between magnetic field strength (H) and magnetic flux density (B) in a material?

  1. B = μH

  2. B = μ0H

  3. H = μB

  4. H = μ0B

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

In a material, the magnetic flux density (B) is related to the magnetic field strength (H) by the equation B = μ0H, where μ0 is the magnetic permeability of the vacuum.

What is the Curie temperature?

  1. The temperature at which a ferromagnetic material becomes paramagnetic

  2. The temperature at which a paramagnetic material becomes ferromagnetic

  3. The temperature at which a diamagnetic material becomes paramagnetic

  4. The temperature at which a paramagnetic material becomes diamagnetic

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Curie temperature is the temperature at which a ferromagnetic material becomes paramagnetic. Above the Curie temperature, the material loses its ferromagnetic properties and becomes paramagnetic.

Which of the following materials is paramagnetic?

  1. Iron (Fe)

  2. Copper (Cu)

  3. Aluminum (Al)

  4. Gold (Au)

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Paramagnetic materials are weakly attracted to magnets and can be magnetized. Copper (Cu) is a paramagnetic material, while iron (Fe), aluminum (Al), and gold (Au) are not.

What is the magnetic susceptibility of a material?

  1. The ratio of the magnetic moment of a material to the magnetic field strength applied to it

  2. The ratio of the magnetic flux density in a material to the magnetic field strength applied to it

  3. The ratio of the magnetization of a material to the magnetic field strength applied to it

  4. The ratio of the magnetic permeability of a material to the magnetic field strength applied to it

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The magnetic susceptibility of a material is the ratio of the magnetization of the material to the magnetic field strength applied to it.

What is the difference between ferromagnetism and paramagnetism?

  1. Ferromagnetic materials are strongly attracted to magnets, while paramagnetic materials are weakly attracted to magnets

  2. Ferromagnetic materials can be magnetized, while paramagnetic materials cannot be magnetized

  3. Ferromagnetic materials have a high magnetic susceptibility, while paramagnetic materials have a low magnetic susceptibility

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Ferromagnetic materials are strongly attracted to magnets, can be magnetized, and have a high magnetic susceptibility. Paramagnetic materials are weakly attracted to magnets, cannot be magnetized, and have a low magnetic susceptibility.

What is the difference between diamagnetism and paramagnetism?

  1. Diamagnetic materials are repelled by magnets, while paramagnetic materials are attracted to magnets

  2. Diamagnetic materials have a negative magnetic susceptibility, while paramagnetic materials have a positive magnetic susceptibility

  3. Diamagnetic materials have a high magnetic permeability, while paramagnetic materials have a low magnetic permeability

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Diamagnetic materials are repelled by magnets, have a negative magnetic susceptibility, and have a high magnetic permeability. Paramagnetic materials are attracted to magnets, have a positive magnetic susceptibility, and have a low magnetic permeability.

What is the Meissner effect?

  1. The expulsion of magnetic fields from a superconductor

  2. The increase in magnetic susceptibility of a material as it is cooled below its Curie temperature

  3. The decrease in magnetic susceptibility of a material as it is cooled below its Curie temperature

  4. The phenomenon of magnetic hysteresis

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Meissner effect is the expulsion of magnetic fields from a superconductor. When a superconductor is cooled below its critical temperature, it expels all magnetic fields from its interior.

What is the Josephson effect?

  1. The phenomenon of superconductivity

  2. The expulsion of magnetic fields from a superconductor

  3. The flow of electric current between two superconductors separated by a thin insulating layer

  4. The phenomenon of magnetic hysteresis

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The Josephson effect is the flow of electric current between two superconductors separated by a thin insulating layer. The current flows without any resistance, even if the voltage across the junction is zero.

What is the phenomenon of magnetic hysteresis?

  1. The expulsion of magnetic fields from a superconductor

  2. The increase in magnetic susceptibility of a material as it is cooled below its Curie temperature

  3. The decrease in magnetic susceptibility of a material as it is cooled below its Curie temperature

  4. The phenomenon of magnetic hysteresis

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The phenomenon of magnetic hysteresis is the dependence of the magnetization of a material on its magnetic history. When a material is magnetized, its magnetization does not immediately return to zero when the magnetic field is removed. Instead, it follows a hysteresis loop, which is a plot of magnetization versus magnetic field strength.

What is the difference between hard and soft magnetic materials?

  1. Hard magnetic materials have a high coercivity, while soft magnetic materials have a low coercivity

  2. Hard magnetic materials are difficult to magnetize, while soft magnetic materials are easy to magnetize

  3. Hard magnetic materials retain their magnetization for a long time, while soft magnetic materials lose their magnetization quickly

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Hard magnetic materials have a high coercivity, are difficult to magnetize, and retain their magnetization for a long time. Soft magnetic materials have a low coercivity, are easy to magnetize, and lose their magnetization quickly.

What are the applications of magnetic materials?

  1. Electric motors and generators

  2. Transformers

  3. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

  4. Magnetic recording media

Show answer
Correct Option:
Explanation:

Magnetic materials are used in a wide variety of applications, including electric motors and generators, transformers, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and magnetic recording media.

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